Two Levitating, Rammed Earth Villas in a Costa Rican Jungle

Formafatal, a design studio based in the Czech Republic and Costa Rica, has designed and constructed two identical villas named Achioté on a steep jungled hillside in Playa Hermosa, Costa Rica. These 95-square-meter villas are located 300 meters above sea level and offer expansive views of the Pacific Ocean through frameless glass walls. The project represents the first known implementation of rammed earth construction in Costa Rica. Dagmar Štěpánová, founder of Formafatal, spearheaded the project, serving as the architect, project manager, construction manager, and a co-investor. Her vision was to create sustainable homes with biophilic interiors, where the sharp lines of the architecture would contrast with the lush tropical vegetation, yet the chosen materials and colors would blend seamlessly with the natural surroundings. Each villa's rectangular plan incorporates only three solid exterior walls, meticulously built using rammed clay excavated directly from the construction site. Due to Costa Rica's lack of experience with this specific building technique, Brazilian specialist Terra Compacta was brought in to ensure the quality and integrity of the rammed earth construction. These load-bearing rammed earth walls, combined with structural H-columns, support a monolithic concrete ceiling slab, which is further defined by raw steel channels along the exterior roofline. The remaining sections of the villas are enclosed by floor-to-ceiling, frameless glass panels that can retract into ceiling grooves, effectively extending the interior living spaces towards the Pacific Ocean. The layout of each villa is straightforward, featuring a bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen. These functional areas are enveloped by an open-air terrace, which acts as the primary living space and includes an infinity pool. While the structural form, construction methods, and orientation of the two villas are identical, their interior color schemes differentiate them, reflecting the architect's perception of the site's energies prior to construction. The first villa, Jaspis, embodies yin energy, connecting with the ocean and sky through warm sand-colored hues. In contrast, Nefrit, located 12 meters away, represents yang energy, grounding itself with the earth and jungle through a palette of terracotta and charcoal shades, reminiscent of local soil. The concrete floors in both villas feature distinct non-slip cement screed patterns. Interior fittings merge functionality with aesthetic contrast. The only interior door is a thin sliding fibre-cement panel in the bathroom, while delicate mosquito nets and linen curtains are discreetly installed in ceiling tracks, draping around the beds. Conversely, the bathroom and kitchen counters are integrated into a concrete monolith, and weighty concrete elements like bedside tables and benches draw inspiration from Belgian design principles. Other furnishings, light fixtures, accessories, and art pieces were carefully curated from various international designers, emphasizing originality. This project follows Formafatal's previous collaboration with Refuel Works in 2020 on the nearby Art Villa concrete rental home, which played a pivotal role in Dagmar Štěpánová's relocation to Costa Rica and the expansion of her studio's operations in the region. The project emphasizes sustainable building practices, a strong connection to the natural environment, and a thoughtful integration of interior and exterior design elements. #RammedEarthArchitecture #SustainableDesign #BiophilicInteriors #CostaRicaVillas #ModernArchitecture #InfinityPools #Formafatal #ResidentialDesign #MinimalistArchitecture

The Desert Wash home, a 6,700-square-foot modern residence in Paradise Valley, Arizona, was designed by architect Brent Kendle of Kendle Design Collaborative for clients Keith and Becky. The initial challenge for the design was a desert wash that bisected the building site, which the owners initially viewed as a hindrance. However, Kendle embraced this natural feature, transforming it into a central element of the home’s design and ethos. The architect's vision was to create a contemporary residence with minimal site impact, integrating the structure harmoniously into its desert surroundings. The home's design is divided into three distinct parts. The southern section houses the entrance, a guest suite, and an office. This compact volume is connected to the main body of the house, situated to the north, by an enclosed bridge. This bridge is elevated above the desert wash, allowing periodic floodwaters and local wildlife to pass underneath undisturbed. This innovative structural solution not only preserves the natural flow of the wash but also provides unique views and experiences from within the home, making the natural landscape an intrinsic part of daily life. To ensure the house blended seamlessly with its environment, Brent Kendle utilized a material palette and design elements that echoed the desert landscape. Rammed earth walls, constructed from soil excavated directly from the site, are a prominent feature, providing a direct physical connection to the land. This choice of material contributes to the home's eco-friendly credentials and offers natural insulation properties. A neutral color palette further enhances the integration, making the structure feel as if it has emerged organically from the desert. Expansive glazing, including Fleetwood sliding pocket-doors, is used throughout the residence to blur the boundaries between indoor and outdoor living. This allows for continuous visual and physical access to the surrounding desert, fostering a deep connection with nature. Outdoor living rooms are strategically integrated into the design, extending the habitable space and providing shaded areas for relaxation and enjoyment of the natural surroundings. Douglas Fir soffits and integral color-synthetic stucco for exterior walls complement the rammed earth, creating a cohesive and visually appealing facade. From various points within the home, such as the open great room and the master suite, sweeping views of the desert wash and the broader landscape are framed. The master bedroom features a corner window specifically designed to capture these views, while a freestanding soaking tub in the master bath is strategically placed beneath another shaded corner window. The interior also features Verano-brushed 12x24 limestone flooring in the great room, which benefits from ample natural light. The kitchen boasts a three-inch Calcutta Prima slab on the range wall and backsplash, adding a touch of elegance to the natural material scheme. Keith, one of the homeowners, noted that the wash, rather than being an obstacle, has become a "freeway" for local wildlife and an endless source of entertainment and educational opportunities for their two young children. The design emphasizes site-sensitivity, respecting the natural topography by nestling into the earth while spanning over the ancient wash, thereby minimizing disruption and maximizing the symbiotic relationship between the built environment and the natural desert ecosystem. #EcoFriendlyHome #RammedEarthWalls #DesertArchitecture #SustainableDesign #ModernResidence #SiteSensitiveDesign #IndoorOutdoorLiving #ArizonaHomes #KendleDesignCollaborative

The Desert Wash home, designed by architect Brent Kendle of Kendle Design Collaborative, integrates with the Arizona desert landscape through its site-specific design and material choices. This 6,700-square-foot residence in Paradise Valley, Arizona, was created for a family of four and is named after the existing desert dry wash on the property, a drainage area susceptible to severe flooding. To address this natural challenge and embrace the environment, the home features an elevated glazed bridge that spans the dry wash, transforming a potential obstacle into a defining architectural element. The residence is thoughtfully designed to immerse its occupants in the natural surroundings while offering modern comforts and ample space for entertaining. The layout positions the majority of the home, including the master suite and three guest bedrooms, to the north of the dry wash. The foyer, an office, and one guest bedroom are situated to the south, connected by the aforementioned glazed bridge. This separation and connection allow for varied experiences within the home, highlighting the desert views from multiple vantage points. The material palette and neutral color scheme are deliberately chosen to harmonize the expansive structure with the desert environment. Rammed earth walls are a prominent feature, extending from the exterior into the interior, visually and texturally linking the dwelling to the earth. These walls, combined with extensive glazing, flat steel, and wood roofs with deep overhangs, define the architectural character. The use of predominantly white interior walls creates a bright and airy ambiance, serving as a neutral backdrop for the family’s art collection. Kendle Design Collaborative emphasizes that the Desert Wash home utilizes indigenous materials to delineate its main living spaces. The rammed earth walls literally bring the earth into the interior, providing a sense of rootedness and unity with nature. The design reflects a profound sensitivity to the site, respecting its natural topography and characteristics by nestling the home into the earth and spanning over the ancient wash. This approach ensures that the residence not only coexists with but celebrates the unique qualities of the Arizona desert. #DesertArchitecture #RammedEarth #SustainableDesign #ArizonaHomes #KendleDesignCollaborative #SiteSpecificDesign #ModernHome #IndoorOutdoorLiving

The Itamambuca Residence, a 4,844-square-foot concrete home in Brazil designed by São Paulo studio Arquitetura Gui Mattos, offers a unique indoor-outdoor living experience amidst a verdant rainforest near a beach. The home's orthogonal structure is set on a concrete slab slightly raised off the ground, a design choice that serves multiple functional and aesthetic purposes. This elevated foundation functions as a step leading to the main living areas on the lower level and enhances the residents' views of the surrounding trees and plants. Throughout the lower level, glazed, sliding walls can be fully opened, blurring the lines between the interior and the natural environment. These walls are strategically placed a short distance from the edge of the raised concrete floor, creating sheltered terrace decks. These outdoor spaces provide a perfect setting for the owners to relax, enjoy the garden views, or overlook the adjacent pool, fostering a deep connection with nature. Above the main living area, the roof structure is another concrete slab, but ingeniously designed as an inverted prism. Its tip points downwards from the center of the ceiling, causing the central point to slant towards the four corners. This architectural feature creates a sense of openness within the interiors and offers unobstructed sight lines towards the dense jungle surrounding the property. The roof is supported by eight robust concrete columns, which are angled towards the center of the prism. This angling not only provides structural stability but also maximizes the views from inside the home. Beneath this roof, the lower level houses an open-plan living lounge, dining area, and kitchen, all designed to embrace the expansive natural setting. A wooden box structure spans the width of the roof, housing the private quarters. This upper level accommodates the master bedroom, three additional smaller bedrooms, and two bathrooms. Access to this rooftop structure is provided by a staircase situated between two wooden volumes on the lower level. The front of this elevated box features fully glazed walls that open onto a deck, offering spectacular panoramic views of the lush, green jungle, further integrating the home with its natural surroundings. #ConcreteHomes #BrazilianArchitecture #IndoorOutdoorLiving #RainforestHome #ModernDesign #ArchitecturalDesign #NatureIntegration #UniqueRoofStructure

This blog post showcases a modern, three-level, three-bedroom beach house located on the Victorian coast in Point Lonsdale, Australia. Designed by builder David McDonald for his brother Peter, Peter's wife Lis, and their children Johanna (15) and Charlie (11), the home serves as a family retreat built to withstand the test of time while offering flexible holiday living. The design emphasizes natural materials, clean lines, and high-quality, durable finishes. The house incorporates several distinctive architectural elements, notably a central lap pool with a 12-person spa and a striking curved rammed earth wall. This eight-meter-high rammed earth wall was a deliberate choice to break away from traditional straight lines, adding a sophisticated, earthy touch to the seaside sanctuary. The construction of this feature required careful planning and heavy machinery, especially considering the pool was already in place. The builder aimed for a strong, contemporary design that would blend seamlessly with the surrounding established vegetation, ensuring longevity and timeless appeal. Inside, the home features an open-plan layout bathed in natural light. The kitchen and living area form the central hub, designed for family interaction and direct access to the northern deck and pool. The kitchen boasts European oak for the island benchtop and flooring, complemented by black facades and stainless-steel kickboards, adding a touch of luxury. The dining area continues this aesthetic with a round dining table and sculptural chairs that echo the kitchen island's curves. The entryway is designed to make a bold first impression with its dark and moody aesthetic. Other notable areas include a flexible study space offering stunning views over Point Lonsdale Lighthouse and Port Phillip Heads. Hallways feature timber flooring and railings, which, combined with the rammed earth walls, add warmth to the interior. Bathrooms incorporate natural textures with limestone tiles and European oak vanities, while playful lighting fixtures contribute an industrial, modern touch. Bedrooms, such as Charlie's room and the master bedroom, are enlivened with bright elements like Kip & Co bedlinen and an Ikea rug, providing a fun and contemporary feel. The master bedroom also includes a dark dividing wall to separate the sleeping area from the wardrobe. The exterior of the home features Australian hardwood timber cladding, chosen for its sustainability and ability to age gracefully, further contributing to the architectural integrity. Another favourite design detail of the builder is the cantilevered timber staircase that elegantly follows the curve of the rammed earth wall. The project was completed in 11 months, adhering to a pre-Christmas deadline for the family's holiday celebrations, showcasing the efficiency and dedication of the builder and his team in overcoming construction challenges to deliver a uniquely designed, durable, and aesthetically pleasing beach house. #RammedEarth #BeachHouse #CoastalLiving #ArchitecturalDesign #SustainableMaterials #FamilyHome #ModernElegance #IndoorOutdoorLiving #PointLonsdale #InteriorDesign

This blog post compiles ten distinct residential projects that utilize stilts to elevate their structures, showcasing a variety of architectural solutions to challenging topographies and environmental considerations. The article emphasizes how this architectural approach enables construction in otherwise uninhabitable sites such as lakes, steep slopes, and coastal areas, thereby fostering a closer connection between inhabitants and nature while minimizing environmental impact. The piece also highlights the increasing relevance of stilt architecture in the face of climate change, particularly in enhancing resilience against rising sea levels and more frequent flooding, as indicated by recent reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The first example, Redshank in the UK by Lisa Shell, features a cross-laminated timber cabin protected by untreated oak and cork panels, elevated on three galvanized steel legs painted red, a tribute to the local wading bird. Stepping Stone House in the UK, by Hamish & Lyons, is an extension built over a lake, allowing swimmers beneath its white corrugated floor deck, supported by Y-shaped glue-laminated timber columns and featuring exaggerated eaves. In the Czech Republic, Šépka Architekti's House in the Orchard is a three-storey, bulbous home propped on a reinforced-concrete stalk and covered in polyurethane to resemble a rock formation, with a birch plywood interior. Cabin Lille Arøya in Norway, by Lund Hagem, is a boat-accessible summer home on a small island, balanced on slender stilts to navigate craggy boulders. Its black exterior blends with the surroundings, while the interior uses raw concrete and rough-sawn pine. Malan Vorster's Tree House in South Africa consists of four cylindrical towers on stilts, offering forest views from a sloped site, with Corten steel legs acting as structural columns and red cedar battens adorning the exterior. Viggsö in Sweden, by Arrhov Frick Arkitektkontor, is a timber-framed cabin lifted into the treetops by wooden legs, providing views of the Stockholm archipelago and featuring a white corrugated metal roof extending to a translucent plastic-covered terrace. The Building Descending the Stairs in Italy, by ElasticoFarm and Bplan Studio, is an apartment block elevated on angular metal stilts, designed to maximize sun exposure and offer views of the Venetian Lagoon, with each of its 47 flats having a private outdoor space. Brillhart Architecture's Stewart Avenue Residence in the USA addresses rising sea levels by integrating stilts as a deliberate architectural element, using a combination of skinny galvanized steel pipes and hollow concrete columns for utility rooms. Manshausen 2.0 in Norway, by Stinessen Arkitektur, comprises raised holiday cabins in the Arctic Circle, perched on metal stilts above a rocky coastal outcrop to withstand projected sea level rises, with aluminium panels protecting the CLT frame. Finally, Dock House in Chile, by SAA Arquitectura + Territorio, is a pine-clad home near the Pacific Ocean, elevated on a structural wooden plinth and diagonal pillars that vary in height to maintain a level floor on uneven terrain, providing ocean views. These projects collectively demonstrate the versatility and environmental benefits of stilt architecture, offering innovative solutions for diverse geographical and climatic challenges. #StiltArchitecture #ResidentialDesign #ClimateChangeResilience #SustainableArchitecture #CoastalHomes #InnovativeHousing #EnvironmentalDesign #ModernArchitecture #BuildingOnSlopes

The Canterbury Road Residence, located in Victoria, Australia, is a modern home designed by b.e architecture. The design concept draws inspiration from naturally stacked boulders, manifesting as three interconnected structures that create the illusion of boulders resting against each other, with a discernible passageway between them. The exterior of the residence is characterized by a monochromatic lava stone cladding, which features rough surfaces that introduce diverse tonal textures to the structure. This material choice contributes to a rugged yet sophisticated aesthetic, echoing natural geological formations. A notable feature of the exterior design is the strategic placement of mirrored windows. These windows are set slightly back from the rough stone facade, achieving a flush appearance that enhances the solid, monolithic impression of the stone cladding. Despite the property's close proximity to the street and neighboring residences, the mirrored glass effectively ensures privacy for the occupants, reflecting the surroundings while obscuring the interior. The architects also incorporated trees along the walkway, demonstrating an effort to integrate natural elements into a potentially constrained urban lot. The interior design continues the theme of warm textures, particularly evident in the kitchen area. This space features dark wooden cabinets complemented by dark gray marble countertops, which collectively create a rich and inviting atmosphere. The material palette within the kitchen harmonizes with the exterior's earthy tones, establishing a consistent design language throughout the home. Another striking interior element is the curved staircase, designed to be a dramatic focal point. Its organic shape is further accentuated by a circular skylight positioned directly above, which not only provides natural illumination but also visually echoes the curvilinear form of the staircase, enhancing the architectural flow and aesthetic coherence of the space. Throughout the residence, the design prioritizes a balance between robustness and refined detailing. The use of rough lava stone for the exterior provides a strong, grounding presence, while the careful selection of interior materials and design features such as the mirrored windows and curved staircase ensures a contemporary and comfortable living environment. The Canterbury Road Residence exemplifies a thoughtful approach to modern architectural design, where natural inspiration, privacy considerations, and material harmony are seamlessly integrated. #Architecture #ModernHome #LavaStone #AustralianArchitecture #ResidentialDesign #InteriorDesign #Materiality #PrivacyDesign

This article explores ten unique homes that showcase the architectural technique of cantilevering, a design element popularized by Frank Lloyd Wright. Cantilevered structures create living spaces that appear to defy gravity, extending outwards and often dramatically over challenging terrains. The Bolton Residence, designed by \_naturehumaine, is a vacation home in an Eastern Quebec forest. Its geometric silhouette reinterprets classic gable roof barns with a contemporary twist. The architects utilized a narrower first-floor envelope and a wider, cantilevered upper level to manage a tight budget and steep terrain, minimizing excavation while creating a sculptural appearance. A centralized, multi-purpose fireplace acts as storage, a TV stand, and a staircase guardrail. The Balancing Barn, by MVRDV and Mole Architects, is a stainless steel-clad structure in Suffolk that projects 18 meters out and five meters off the ground, showcasing an extreme example of cantilevering. Midden Studio, a zinc-clad artist's studio by Studio Weave on the Scottish coast, floats over a stream. The design incorporates a "light soffit" to maximize views, and its cantilever increases internal volume without expanding the ground footprint. The studio, built with prefabricated materials to overcome remote site challenges, features a custom embossed standing seam zinc system. Altaïr House, by Bourgeois/Lechasseur Architects, features an upper level that juts out over the lower level, allowing the living room to integrate with surrounding trees and offer water views. This design enhances the connection between the interior living space and the natural environment. The Norwegian Sea Cabins, designed by Snorre Stinessen, are rentable glass cabins on Manshausen Island, Norway, that offer an immersive experience with nature. One cabin cantilevers from a natural ledge, providing a comfortable shelter that exposes visitors to the elements. These cabins feature two layers of larch wood construction with custom glazing, and strategically placed large glass expanses frame planned views. Aleph House, by Siegman Associates in Asheville, North Carolina, incorporates a modest cantilever from its second floor, inspired by the Hebrew alphabet's first letter. The lower level, with studios and guest rooms, blends into the natural contours, and a retractable door connects a woodworking studio to an outdoor workspace. The cantilevered second floor houses the communal living space. Crane Blvd, by Anonymous Architects, features two side-by-side residences on tiny, precipitous lots in Los Angeles. The architects stacked two stories on concrete pile foundations and used bay windows to extend the living space. The homes, while having identical floor plans, are offset and vary subtly in size and height to ensure privacy. Cantilever House, a prefab home by Anderson Anderson Architecture in the Washington wilderness, uses a steel frame on a concrete foundation bolted to a rock. This allowed the entire structure to cantilever, orienting the house towards waterfalls. The house provides a robust retreat from harsh weather, offering ample opportunities for outdoor activities. The Berkshire House, designed by Framework Architecture, is a cantilevered cabin on a rock outcropping with a 20-foot drop, creating a treehouse effect. Its south face is almost entirely glass, with a roof canopy to manage solar gain. The exterior uses knotted pine planks to manage costs. Finally, Sandpath, an Oxford home by Adrian James Architects, uses a modest cantilever over a concrete wall to create a striking entrance. The house, built with structural insulated panels and an integrated steel frame, features a bedroom and family bathroom on the upper level that extend into the cantilevered façade. This design element adds lightness and drama to the home’s approach. #CantileveredHomes #ArchitecturalDesign #ModernArchitecture #HomeTours #StructuralInnovation #ResidentialDesign #UniqueHomes #BuildingTechniques

OJA (Organic and Joyful Architecture), an Argentinian studio, developed Casa Gallareta, a 250-square-meter boutique holiday complex nestled within the native Coihues and Arrayanes forest of Villa la Angostura, Patagonia. Lead architects María Ayelén Olivieri Martinez and Juan Segundo Diaz Dopazo aimed to create a retreat that harmonizes with the natural environment, utilizing the region's steep slopes, panoramic views, and proximity to Lake Correntoso. The project consists of several timber-clad cabins, designed to offer tourists an immersive experience within the forested surroundings. The core design principle of Casa Gallareta emphasizes integration with the landscape. Each cabin is conceptualized as an extension of the forest, blending into the environment through a balance of structured design and natural placement. The architectural language deliberately connects the built spaces with nature, ensuring that while the cabins share a cohesive aesthetic, each possesses unique characteristics. The strategic positioning of the cabins involved identifying and utilizing vacant spaces within the forest, thereby avoiding any deforestation. This approach reflects the architects' commitment to creating a structure that coexists with the ecosystem without intrusion. The cabins feature an inventive spatial arrangement that blurs the lines between the interior and the forest, all within a compact footprint. The exterior of each structure is clad in eucalyptus wood, treated with the traditional Japanese Shou Sugi Ban technique. This method involves charring the wood surface, which not only creates a distinct texture but also enhances its durability, water resistance, and fire retardancy. The resulting darkened facade, complemented by materials like lapacho wood, black zinguería, glass, and exposed concrete, establishes a visual contrast against the vibrant green trees and snow-covered landscapes. In contrast to the robust exterior, the interiors are designed to evoke tranquility and spaciousness. Guatambú, a light-colored, knot-free wood, is used for the seamless interior coating. This material choice creates an exquisite contrast with the charred exterior and contributes to an expansive feel within the cabins. The use of large Guatambú slabs also streamlined the construction process. Furthermore, all interior furniture is custom-designed to match the materiality of the walls, contributing to a clean, monolithic, and minimalistic aesthetic throughout the living spaces. The design incorporates expansive windows, strategically placed to offer immersive views of the surrounding myrtle trees while maintaining privacy for guests. #PatagoniaArchitecture #EucalyptusWood #ShouSugiBan #SustainableArchitecture #CabinDesign #BoutiqueHotel #OJAArchitecture #TimberArchitecture #ArgentinianDesign

The ‘Santerra House,’ designed and constructed by Parma Arquitectura, is located in El Porvenir, in the heart of Valle de Guadalupe, Mexico. This residence showcases an innovative blend of rammed earth, burnt wood, and concrete, chosen specifically to respond to the region's arid climate. The project emphasizes sustainability, particularly through its use of earth as a primary building material. Rammed earth was selected for its low water consumption during construction, especially significant given the local dry conditions. A substantial portion of the earth used was sourced directly from the site through excavation, further reducing environmental impact. Beyond its minimal water requirements, rammed earth offers benefits such as humidity regulation and high thermal inertia. To capitalize on these properties, Parma Arquitectura implemented 40 cm thick rammed earth walls in all west-facing rooms, strategically placed to mitigate the high sun exposure experienced in the afternoons. The resulting texture and color variations of these walls organically integrate the house with its surrounding arid landscape, creating a harmonious aesthetic. Complementing the rammed earth, sections of the ‘Santerra House’ facades are clad in burnt wood, a technique known as ‘shou sugi ban.’ This traditional Japanese method enhances the wood’s durability and resistance while producing a rich spectrum of black tones that shift with the sunlight and viewing angle. This material choice not only contributes to the house’s resilience but also adds a distinctive visual character. The interior design of the dwelling is characterized by its minimalist approach, with a focus on functionality and connection to the outdoors. A key feature is the outdoor terrace, which acts as a natural extension of the living room, designed for social gatherings, meals, and family activities. This south-facing terrace is strategically enveloped by the building, providing shelter from strong winds. A wooden pergola covers the terrace, allowing sunlight to penetrate during the cooler winter months while offering ample shade in the hot summer, optimizing comfort throughout the year. Primarily conceived as a weekend retreat, the ‘Santerra House’ incorporates practical security features for when it is unoccupied. These include robust shutters and a wrought iron gate, ensuring the property remains secure. The architectural choices reflect a deep understanding of the local climate and an commitment to sustainable building practices, resulting in a residence that is both functional and aesthetically integrated with its environment. #SanterraHouse #RammedEarth #BurntWood #SustainableArchitecture #MexicanArchitecture #ValleDeGuadalupe #ParmaArquitectura #ThermalRegulation #ShouSugiBan

Victor B. Ortiz Architecture unveils the design for the Cacao Residence, a new dwelling situated on the northern coast of Brazil within the exclusive Txai Resort in Itacare. The project integrates European design principles with traditional Brazilian craftsmanship and natural materials to create a tropical hideaway. The design is specifically tailored to the client's vision, combining simplicity and elegance with the rich tones and textures of the tropical environment. The residence is conceptually organized around a native Cacao tree, reflecting a deep connection to the local ecosystem. Spanning two levels, the lower floor houses the main living areas and a swimming pool, while the upper level is dedicated to private spaces. This upper floor includes two bedroom suites, a master bedroom, and a gym and office area. The main entrance, located on the upper level, is illuminated by a wooden pergola skylight that floods the space with natural light. The guest suite is strategically placed on the lower level to ensure maximum privacy and to take advantage of the expansive views. The living and dining areas on the lower level are designed for seamless integration with the outdoors. Large sliding doors open directly onto an outdoor terrace, effectively extending the interior living space to meet the adjacent swimming pool. This architectural choice blurs the boundaries between indoor and outdoor environments, enhancing the tropical living experience. A key design element of the Cacao Residence is its thoughtful placement of numerous openings and windows. These features are meticulously positioned to frame specific, curated views of the surrounding natural landscape, establishing a continuous visual dialogue with the coastal environment. The material palette complements this openness, characterized by warm tones that enhance the natural feel of the residence. The walls and ceilings are finished with an off-white lime wash paint, providing a soft backdrop, while the interior and exterior flooring are unified with a light gray micro-cement, creating a cohesive flow throughout the property. Natural wood accents are used prominently in the windows, doors, the pergola skylight, casework, and furniture, adding warmth and texture. The dwelling's front facade and outdoor kitchen are clad in rammed earth, a choice that not only celebrates locally sourced materials but also highlights traditional construction techniques. This use of rammed earth contributes to the home's aesthetic, which balances rustic and monolithic elements with clean, curved lines and elegant metal fixtures. The overarching goal of the design is to provide a comfortable and fully-equipped home capable of hosting multiple guests, offering urban amenities within a tropical setting, and deeply prioritizing the outdoor experience and connection to nature. #Architecture #ResidentialArchitecture #BrazilianArchitecture #RammedEarth #CoastalDesign #SustainableDesign #TropicalArchitecture #LuxuryHomes #VictorOrtiz

MA House, designed by architects Eduardo Cadaval and Clara Solà-Morales, is situated in Tepoztlán, a pre-Hispanic village south of Mexico City known for its natural environment and as a cultural retreat. This project functions as a holiday home, with future plans for it to become the owners' primary residence. The design emphasizes a strong connection between the structure, the surrounding landscape, and its inhabitants, achieving this through a combination of geometric forms and strategic material use. The house features monumental construction using volcanic stone and concrete. Its two diagonal peaks mirror the incline of the rocky mountains flanking the site, integrating the building into its natural surroundings while establishing a distinct architectural presence. To maximize the relationship with the outdoors, framed windows open up mountain views to the interior. Covered patios are strategically placed to intersect diagonally across the square plan, connecting three distinct 'pavilions' under a single, solid concrete roof. This layout creates natural outdoor living spaces that are integrated into the home's circulation. The primary construction material is locally sourced volcanic stone, which authentically links the house to its environmental context. The architects selected this material for its low maintenance and cost-effectiveness, despite the inherent challenges in using it structurally. The walls are 40cm thick and bear the entire load of the house, highlighting the principle that every element serves a functional purpose, rather than being mere decoration. This structural use of volcanic stone was a significant technical challenge for the design team. In addition to volcanic stone, the roof is constructed from waterproof concrete, which the architects chose to leave exposed without any additional finishes. This decision further reinforces the economical and functional approach to materials, allowing the raw beauty and inherent qualities of the construction elements to define the aesthetic. The diagonal patios and the sloping roof contribute to dynamic interplay of light and shadow throughout the day, adding to the house's visual interest and its connection to natural cycles. The interior design was a collaborative effort, with one of the clients contributing to the scheme. Double-height windows are prominent, specifically designed to prioritize views of the mountain range. The layout, comprising three pavilions linked by covered patios, facilitates a fluid experience between indoor and outdoor spaces. Bedrooms are oriented to face the mountain views, enhancing the residents' connection to the landscape. The exposure of raw materials internally defines a natural and authentic atmosphere within the home. Overall, MA House exemplifies an architectural approach that prioritizes structural integrity, material authenticity, and an immersive relationship with its natural setting. The design by Cadaval & Solà-Morales successfully navigates the complexities of integrating a modern structure into a sensitive landscape, utilizing local resources and thoughtful planning to create a residence that is both visually striking and functionally robust. #MexicanArchitecture #VolcanicStone #CadavalSolaMorales #SustainableDesign #ResidentialArchitecture #ConcreteArchitecture #Tepoztlan #LandscapeIntegration #HolidayHome

The Ranch Mine, a US architectural studio based in Phoenix, has completed a holiday home called Noir Peaks in Flagstaff, northern Arizona. The house is characterized by its black, gabled forms that appear to 'burst vertically from the ground,' reflecting the surrounding volcanic landscape. The location of the property on a grassy, high-altitude plateau in Flagstaff, an area known for its mountains, aspen stands, pine forests, and a vast volcanic field, heavily influenced the design and materiality of the vacation home. The last volcanic eruption in this region occurred approximately 1,000 years ago, leaving a distinctive geological footprint. The Noir Peaks house is built on a two-acre (0.8-hectare) site and consists of a cluster of gabled forms perched on a two-foot-high concrete base. The architectural concept specifically aimed to mimic the volcanic mountains that dot the plateau, with three prominent gabled structures rising vertically. The exterior of the home features fibre-cement, board-and-batten siding, which is painted to match the dark lava rocks prevalent on the site. The spacing of the battens is intentionally varied to evoke the organic and scattered arrangement of nearby aspen trees, contributing to a seamless integration with the natural environment. The design team emphasized the economic construction of the house, stating their goal was to utilize a simple, cost-effective material that could withstand the harsh environmental conditions while achieving an elevated aesthetic through a unique batten pattern. Spanning 2,405 square feet (223 square meters), the interior layout of Noir Peaks is meticulously planned to optimize views of the majestic San Francisco Peaks. The house encompasses multiple communal spaces, a primary suite, three additional bedrooms, a mudroom, a laundry room, and a generously sized garage. The interior design adopts a neutral colour palette complemented by earthy materials such as wood and stone, fostering a warm and inviting atmosphere. For instance, tongue-and-groove hemlock clads the ceilings in the great room and the primary bedroom, adding textural richness and natural beauty. Fireplaces throughout the home are faced with Texas Crème limestone, further enhancing the natural and refined aesthetic. The overall interior ambiance is designed to be cozy and restful, drawing inspiration from the Danish concept of 'hygge.' This philosophy emphasizes creating a comforting and convivial environment that promotes well-being and contentment. In line with this, the designers aimed for the home to serve as a refuge where occupants can recover, rest, reflect, and re-energize in preparation for future adventures. To enhance comfort during the colder months, radiant heated concrete floors are installed throughout the house, providing a consistently warm and pleasant daily sensation. The Ranch Mine has a history of developing projects in Arizona, including a minimalist house in Paradise Valley and a series of townhomes in Phoenix featuring brick, stucco, and weathering steel facades. #VolcanicTerrain #GabledForms #HolidayHome #ArizonaArchitecture #TheRanchMine #SustainableDesign #HyggeInterior #EarthyMaterials #ModernArchitecture

K10 Studio has unveiled Casa Infinity, a contemporary concrete residence located on Costa Rica's Pacific coast. This architectural project integrates raw materials to create a modern tropical aesthetic, with a notable L-shaped infinity pool serving as a central design element that visually connects the home's interior with its natural surroundings. The residence is situated on a hilltop in Guanacaste, offering subtle ocean views amidst surrounding Teak trees. The design philosophy behind Casa Infinity focuses on blurring the boundaries between indoor and outdoor spaces. The L-shaped infinity pool is strategically placed to act as the primary axis around which the social areas of the house are organized, enhancing this connection to the garden and the Pacific Ocean. The architectural composition is characterized by two distinct volumes. The front volume, designed to face the street, is constructed from exposed concrete, providing a sense of privacy and a grand, temple-like facade. Local artisans were involved in creating a dynamic mosaic texture on this concrete surface, adding a unique artistic touch. The main entrance is further accentuated by large Teak wood panels, which introduce a natural and welcoming element to the robust concrete structure. The material palette of Casa Infinity emphasizes a balance between the raw industrial feel of concrete and the warmth of natural wood. Exposed concrete walls and ceilings are utilized throughout the residence, offering a textured finish that imbues the structure with character and integrates it more deeply with its environment. This minimalist approach is thoughtfully combined with wooden elements to achieve a distinct 'tropical' aesthetic. The construction process benefited from prefabrication techniques, which were employed to ensure both the quality and efficiency of the build. In contrast to the concrete front, the rear volume features a striking steel structure complemented by a ceiling made of local Teak slats. This combination creates a visual and material contrast that adds depth to the design. The living areas are equipped with tempered glass doors that can be fully opened, extending the indoor spaces onto terraces and further dissolving the barrier between the interior and exterior. The infinity pool, which wraps around the first floor, includes a built-in bench, offering a space for relaxation and social interaction while overlooking the picturesque landscape. Casa Infinity exemplifies simplicity, sophistication, and high-end finishes. K10 Studio, the Costa Rican architecture firm behind the project, has successfully blended minimalist design principles with the specific requirements of a tropical climate. The design incorporates natural cross ventilation and solar control techniques, ensuring a harmonious and comfortable living environment that continuously fosters a connection to its natural setting. #ResidentialArchitecture #ConcreteArchitecture #InfinityPool #CostaRica #TropicalDesign #K10Studio #SustainableDesign #WoodArchitecture #Guanacaste

Perched high on the slopes of Stalos, outside Chania, Greece, the KK3 Residences by VAstudio present an architectural approach that integrates sensitively with the local landscape, climate, and cultural heritage. The project consists of three distinct homes, each embedded into the rocky hillside, utilizing indigenous materials such as local stone and lime plaster, complemented by native vegetation. This design choice allows the buildings to appear as natural extensions of the earth, with their ochre, clay, and pale stone hues mirroring the sun-drenched palette of the surrounding mountains. The design intention is not to replicate traditional Cretan architecture but to reinterpret its fundamental qualities, blending historical essence with contemporary design elements. VAstudio, based in Chania, drew inspiration from the robust and monastic characteristics of older island structures. The architectural firm incorporated modern lines, expansive openings, and refined detailing into the KK3 Residences. Each residence is uniquely configured to conform to the site's natural contours; some extend horizontally along the slope, while others feature a more compact vertical arrangement. Despite their individual layouts, the homes share a consistent architectural language, emphasizing handcrafted finishes, deep roof overhangs, timber ceilings, and courtyards that serve as fluid transitions between indoor and outdoor living spaces. This design fosters a lifestyle that prioritizes a slower pace, where outdoor lounges and shaded patios are as integral to the living experience as the interiors themselves. Sustainability is a subtle yet critical component of the KK3 Residences. The architectural design strategically incorporates features such as optimal orientation, thermal mass, and natural ventilation systems to minimize dependence on mechanical heating and cooling. Large windows are strategically placed to maximize cross breezes and to frame unobstructed views of the White Mountains and the Cretan Sea. The substantial thickness of the stone walls provides natural insulation, ensuring comfortable indoor temperatures throughout the year, adapting to seasonal variations. The landscaping is deliberately understated, featuring native flora like olive trees, Mediterranean shrubs, and palms, which reinforces the concept of the architecture being an inherent part of the local ecosystem. The project reflects a profound respect for the environment and a commitment to integrating human habitation harmoniously with nature. #VAstudio #CretanArchitecture #RockyHillsideHomes #SustainableDesign #LocalMaterials #ChaniaGreece #ArchitecturalIntegration #ResidentialArchitecture

The Tecture-designed Deans Marsh House is a tranquil, light-filled residence nestled in the Surf Coast's hinterland, specifically designed to offer a sense of anticipation and seclusion. The home is accessed via a meandering one-kilometer driveway, intentionally concealing its full form until visitors are well into the property. The initial view is a rammed earth wall with a single opening, revealing little of the interior beyond. This design choice, according to Tecture director and lead architect Ben Robertson, was a deliberate psychological play to create a powerful sense of discovery. The owners, transitioning from urban Newtown to Deans Marsh, sought a calm, quiet, and isolated space that would feel warm and cozy, deeply connected to its rural environment. A central design element is the extensive use of rammed earth walls, each 400mm thick, prominently featured throughout the main living areas as per the homeowners' request. The design maximizes the internal exposure of this material, which also forms a significant part of the home's exterior. This natural, environmentally friendly material, combined with timber cladding, drives the home's façade, ensuring it blends harmoniously with the surrounding landscape. The material palette was chosen to complement the rammed earth's tone, avoiding bright whites in favor of earthy and natural hues to facilitate a seamless transition from the clients' previous urban lifestyle. Internally, the home showcases a calming blend of dark and earthy tones, with consistent use of complementary and contrasting materials such as timber, laminates, and travertine. The design intentionally limited the number of materials to avoid complexity and maintain a cohesive aesthetic. This minimalist approach allows the natural material palette of the exterior to extend inward, especially given the remote location where privacy concerns are minimal, enabling large openings and an indoor-outdoor connection. The house is divided into two distinct sections. The living, kitchen, dining, and main bedroom areas are oriented northward to optimize sunlight and solar gain. A 'kids' wing' is situated to the south, primarily intended for occasional visitors. While an ideal design would have elongated the property to ensure all bedrooms benefited from northern light, budget constraints necessitated prioritizing the primary living spaces. Robertson expressed pride in the outcome, highlighting the home's profound sense of discovery, stillness, tranquility, and refined material application, all contributing to a successful and cathartic living environment. #RammedEarth #SustainableDesign #ArchitecturalDesign #RuralLiving #CoastalHinterland #NaturalMaterials #HomeDesign #Tecture #DeansMarshHouse

Rammed-earth construction, a technique thousands of years old with origins in China and the Iberian Peninsula, offers numerous benefits for contemporary home building. Examples such as the original rammed-earth sections of the Great Wall and the Alhambra palace in Spain demonstrate its historical durability. This method is favored by Terrell Wong, principal of Stone’s Throw Design, due to its low embodied energy, recyclability, high thermal mass, low energy loads, and non-toxicity. Wong highlights its longevity, stating that a rammed-earth house can last 500 years or more, requiring no painting. These walls function as the structure, insulation, finish, and thermal mass of a building. The construction process involves creating panels approximately 11.5 feet long from a mixture of 20% to 30% clay and sand, with 5% to 10% cement. In colder, wetter climates, a silicate-based waterproofing agent is often incorporated. Walls are built in layers, or lifts, where one foot of material is placed into formwork and compressed to six inches using a pneumatic tamper. The forms, typically made of HDO plywood and lumber, are about 20 inches wide and 4 feet tall. When constructing walls longer than a single panel, a recess on one end of the first panel allows the subsequent panel to interlock, ensuring structural integrity. Conduit for plumbing and electrical wiring must be planned precisely, as these cannot be altered once the wall is erected. Rammed-earth walls are typically dry and load-bearing within 24 hours, exhibiting compressive strength comparable to concrete, usually between 1600 psi and 1800 psi for 2-foot-thick walls. Rammed earth is particularly effective as a thermal mass, absorbing and storing solar radiation during the day and re-radiating it at night. This property helps maintain consistent indoor temperatures and humidity levels, reducing reliance on mechanical heating and cooling systems. Many modern rammed-earth homes are hybrids, combining rammed earth with other construction methods like stick or timber-frame walls, or even straw-bale construction for upper floors. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels can also be used for roofs. Wong frequently integrates rammed earth for interior partition walls as well. A case study highlights a single-family home designed by Wong in a rural, woodland setting. This home incorporates Passive House strategies, maximizing the thermal mass of rammed earth, harnessing southern light, and utilizing cross breezes for passive ventilation. The effective natural cooling eliminates the need for mechanical air conditioning, and the house consumes only about 20 kW of heat annually. The exterior walls, composed of 530 tons of material with two 6-inch wythes of rammed earth sandwiching 6 inches of insulation, benefit from locally sourced materials, resulting in exceptionally low embodied energy. Recycled wooden formwork was also repurposed for interior use. Beyond energy efficiency, rammed-earth walls offer soundproofing qualities due to their thickness. The absence of organic matter in the material prevents mold growth, contributing to superior indoor air quality. Sylvia Cook, principal of Aerecura Rammed Earth Builders, emphasizes that the thermal mass benefits are equally significant in both hot and cold climates, stabilizing internal temperatures. The technique remains a fringe method in many regions, including Canada, primarily due to a lack of awareness and specific building codes in North America. While other countries like Australia and New Zealand have formalized codes, in Canada, practitioners demonstrate compliance by showing rammed earth's similarity to concrete or concrete block, often incorporating rebar in colder, wetter climates and recycled polyiso insulation to minimize thermal bridging. The aesthetic appeal of rammed-earth walls is characterized by earth-toned striations, created by adding pigment to the cement and allowing the ramming process to push colors to the visible outermost layer. The amount of material in each layer can be varied to enhance these natural color patterns. While complex designs with curved or angled walls can increase costs due to the labor-intensive nature of the method, Wong has successfully applied rammed earth to affordable housing projects by simplifying the design and formwork. Test cylinders filled with rammed earth are used to measure psi before and during construction to ensure engineering code compliance. #RammedEarthConstruction #SustainableBuilding #GreenBuilding #ThermalMass #EnergyEfficiency #DurableHomes #EcoFriendlyMaterials #ArchitecturalDesign #PassiveHouse