Ten loft conversions by architects that maximise usable space

Loft apartments, characterized by their expansive open floor plans, soaring ceilings, and oversized windows, are highly sought after by urban dwellers. These spaces are often housed in former factory buildings and frequently retain industrial elements such as exposed pipes, support columns, or original wood-plank floors. Their long, uninterrupted walls provide an ideal canvas for showcasing large artworks or sophisticated designer furnishings. This article showcases ten distinctive loft spaces curated from the pages of *Architectural Digest*, illustrating how raw industrial spaces can be masterfully transformed into luxurious and unique residences. Each example highlights innovative design solutions and a sophisticated approach to modern living. One prominent example is a Manhattan loft designed by Shelton, Mindel & Associates. The master bedroom in this residence features a striking floating wall that elegantly silhouettes a 1954 lamp by Max Ingrand for FontanaArte. The headboard is upholstered in a Holly Hunt Great Plains fabric, complemented by Pratesi bed linens. The room is further adorned with chairs by Alvar Aalto and Kerstin Hörlin-Holmquist, demonstrating a blend of classic and contemporary design. In Seattle, designer Terry Hunziker undertook an extensive renovation of his own loft. He employed free-floating planes to intelligently define distinct spaces, such as a gallery area, within the expansive layout. This approach maintains the open feel of the loft while providing functional delineation. Another Manhattan loft, belonging to Bernd Goeckler, features whimsical Italian chairs that infuse a vibrant energy into the space. This design was a collaboration between architect Francine Monaco and decorator Carl D’Aquino of D’Aquino Monaco, showcasing how artistic furnishings can personalize an industrial setting. A New York loft, also designed by Shelton, Mindel & Associates, is furnished with iconic pieces by Charlotte Perriand, Knoll, and Poul Kjærholm, reflecting a commitment to high-quality, timeless design. The selection of these pieces contributes to a refined and sophisticated atmosphere. Investor Yoon Kim’s Manhattan penthouse, designed by David Mann and Brett McMullen of MR Architecture + Decor, features a custom-made De Angelis sofa covered in Edelman leather. A custom-made blackened-steel console by Soraya Ltd. and a Ball chair with goat-hair upholstery by Inmod add distinctive touches. A cowhide rug by Beauvais Carpets grounds the living area, while the walls throughout the loft are painted in a custom white blend by Benjamin Moore, enhancing the sense of spaciousness. The sheer scale of Yoon Kim's loft immediately impresses visitors, with large windows extending the visual dimensions and offering expansive views. The dining area is illuminated by a chandelier by David Weeks for Ralph Pucci and furnished with Eero Saarinen Tulip chairs by Knoll, alongside Hudson counter stools by Emeco, creating a contemporary and inviting space. In the New York loft of architect Steven Harris and interior designer Lucien Rees Roberts, monumental bookshelves serve to delineate the living and dining areas, effectively creating distinct zones within the open plan. A Sherwin-Williams taupe paint provides a neutral backdrop for a 1960 Georges Braque print and vintage Vistosi pendant lights. The dining table, a Rees Roberts + Partners design, is surrounded by Ib Kofod-Larsen chairs upholstered in Roger Arlington silk and adorned with Dorothy C. Thorpe Lucite candlesticks. Designer Campion Platt addressed the challenge of high ceilings in his SoHo loft kitchen by devising a “room within a room,” partially enclosing the kitchen area in his New York residence. He also integrated an illuminated cove above the walls to create a visually striking floating effect. In Manhattan’s West Village, a collaboration between architect Preston T. Phillips and designers Randy Kemper and Tony Ingrao of Ingrao Inc. resulted in a sun-drenched, art-filled loft for financier Chad Leat. The living area boasts a Ron Arad table atop a goatskin carpet by Patterson, Flynn & Martin, flanked by facing Vladimir Kagan sofas from Ralph Pucci International upholstered in Bergamo fabric. A red sculpture by Keith Haring adds a vibrant focal point. Finally, photographers Inez van Lamsweerde and Vinoodh Matadin's Manhattan residence was created by combining adjacent lofts by Simrel Achenbach of Descience Laboratories in collaboration with Daniel Sachs of Sachs Lindores. The living area features a crocheted mushroom stool by Anne-Claire Petit paired with Yves Klein’s 1961 Table Bleue, showcasing a unique blend of artistry and design. #LoftApartments #InteriorDesign #UrbanLiving #IndustrialChic #ManhattanLofts #LuxuryInteriors #ArchitecturalDigest #ApartmentDecor #SpaceDesign

This lookbook showcases eight diverse loft conversions from Dezeen's archive, highlighting how architects and designers transform attic spaces into functional and aesthetically pleasing living areas. The featured projects demonstrate a variety of approaches to maximizing space, light, and unique architectural elements, ranging from subtle renovations to complete structural overhauls. The collection begins with an Amsterdam apartment by Firm Architects, which features a distinctive horizontal line of zinc, mirror, and brick, creating a visual separation between old and new interpretations of the space. This design element aims to make the apartment appear 'visibly cut through,' with the upper section representing a fresh design and the lower part reflecting the original structure. The renovation of this loft in the De Pijp district focused on integrating contemporary design while respecting the building's history. Next, the "House for a Sea Dog" in Genoa by Dodi Moss is presented, designed for a naval engineer who desired an open living environment within a 300-year-old building. This multi-level loft incorporates a mezzanine floor that functions as a bed deck, with a slender bathroom ingeniously tucked underneath, maximizing the use of high ceilings and compact living solutions. Van Staeyen Interieur Architecten's "Antwerp attic" conversion transformed a formerly dark and unused attic into a vibrant, multi-functional living space. Characterized by bright yellow accents, arched portals, and custom-built curvy furniture, this project serves both as a guest room and a play area for children, illustrating a creative approach to repurposing neglected spaces. Leaf House in the UK, by Szczepaniak Astridge, features a rooftop extension added to a terraced property in south London. The extension, designed for a photographer and writer couple, is noted for its unusually sparse aesthetic for a loft conversion, including a wooden bathtub and a double bed strategically placed next to a large window offering views of the surrounding gardens. "Project Escape (to the Roof)" by A Small Studio in the UK, showcases the conversion of a Victorian home's roof space into three new loft rooms. These spaces feature an exposed brick wall and a curved rocking chair, with zinc-clad dormer windows providing views of the garden, emphasizing comfort and relaxation within a historic structure. Pool Leber Architekten's "R11" project in Germany involved replacing the reinforced concrete upper floor of a 1980s housing block with two lighter cross-laminated timber structures. The interior of the updated loft prominently features wood on walls, ceilings, floors, and in sculptural joinery, highlighting the use of sustainable materials and a cohesive design language. Studiotwentysix's renovation of a family home in Brighton, UK, added an angled loft extension lined with birch plywood. This project created an additional 55 square meters of living space, accessible via a new staircase, and includes a triangular snug carved into the eaves, providing a playful and cozy area for children. Finally, an apartment in London by Emil Eve features a Hackney loft extension decked out in a pale pink hue, designed to evoke a sense of calm. This renovation created a sanctuary-style bedroom with slatted paneling and integrated storage, offering a tranquil and minimalist retreat. Each of these projects underscores innovative design solutions for converting loft spaces into comfortable, expansive, and visually appealing homes. #LoftConversions #InteriorDesign #ResidentialArchitecture #SpaceMaximization #RenovationProjects #AtticDesign #UrbanLiving #SustainableMaterials #ModernInteriors

This article explores ten modern lofts that exemplify innovative design and functional living spaces, showcasing how wide-open areas and high ceilings can be transformed into comfortable and aesthetically pleasing homes. The feature begins with the Karakoy Loft in Istanbul, designed by Ofist, which belongs to a bachelor and emphasizes natural, neutral materials. Horizontal wooden planks extending from the window wall to the slanted ceiling contribute to a warm, cozy atmosphere within an industrial setting. Next, the Saint Martins Lofts, formerly the Saint Martins School of Art, are highlighted. Renovated by 19 Greek Street, the model apartment features high ceilings and white surfaces, creating a light and bright environment. Eclectic furnishings add a modern, contemporary feel to the space. Interior designer Kelly Hoppen's former London loft is presented, distinguished by double-height ceilings, a pitched roof with wooden beams, a curved metal staircase, and a hanging chair, all contributing to a grand and open aesthetic. SABO project's Brooklyn loft conversion is another example, where the original structure was gutted to remove dropped ceilings and partition walls, revealing 12-foot-tall ceilings. Mezzanine levels were strategically added to provide storage, a closet, and custom cabinets, maximizing the functionality of the renovated space. Sadie Snelson Architects' Clapton Warehouse conversion features a blend of steel, wood, and concrete. A mezzanine level above the kitchen expands the living area and helps to define spaces within the large, open-plan loft. The article also showcases a collaboration between housewares brand Hunting for George and Melbourne design studio Grazia & Co. This partnership resulted in a beautifully furnished, light-filled loft featuring timeless lifestyle products. Brazilian artist Hussein Jarouche's Chelsea loft, designed by Ana Strumpf, is characterized by an eclectic mix of artwork and design objects, giving it a fun and quirky personality despite being used only occasionally. Kelly Behun's New York City penthouse demonstrates understated glamour. The all-white space avoids sterility through rich textures and framed city views, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. In Belgium, Graux & Baeyens Architecten transformed a factory into a loft with curvy walls, light wood tones, and tall ceilings. Massive windows ensure brightness, and the rounded brick ceilings honor the building's industrial past. Finally, Design42 Architecture's renovation of a downtown NYC loft addresses space limitations by building upwards to create additional living areas and incorporating ample storage solutions. These ten examples illustrate diverse approaches to loft design, each effectively balancing open-plan living with comfort, style, and functionality. #ModernLofts #InteriorDesign #UrbanLiving #LoftConversion #ArchitecturalDesign #SpaceMaximization #ContemporaryDesign #RenovationProjects #EclecticInteriors

This article explores a variety of loft-style bedroom ideas designed to optimize small living spaces, particularly those with sufficient ceiling height. Loft beds, mezzanine bedrooms, and elevated sleeping quarters are presented as effective solutions for maximizing vertical space, thereby freeing up valuable floor area for other functions like workspaces, seating, or storage. The article highlights how these designs can enhance functionality in studios, loft apartments, guest cottages, and tiny homes. The content begins by showcasing a modern mezzanine loft bed in a Paris rooftop apartment, featuring built-in storage and a sculptural staircase, emphasizing how it complements the architectural elements of a historic building. Another design from Zoku Amsterdam illustrates how wood slat screens can create separation in a combined living and sleeping area, catering to the needs of individuals requiring a multifunctional space. A Parisian studio apartment demonstrates an integrated loft bed that contributes to an airy feel through a specific color palette. The article also touches upon the disadvantages of loft beds, such as difficulties in making the bed, potential for higher temperatures due to proximity to the ceiling, and the inconvenience or danger of ladders, especially for certain age groups or those with mobility issues. However, it quickly transitions back to innovative solutions, including industrial-style loft beds with perforated metal walls that offer privacy while maintaining an open feel, and a loft bed positioned to provide a view of the open-plan space. Further examples include a mini OSB loft bed that adds warmth and contrast to an all-white studio, and a guest cottage loft bed designed to blend seamlessly into its surroundings with vaulted ceilings. The article presents various configurations, such as freestanding loft beds with seating below, accessible via comfortable staircases in tiny houses, and extra-tall loft beds built over entryways or kitchens to optimize space. Design choices like all-white palettes for minimalist spaces and striking modern staircases are also discussed, emphasizing both aesthetics and practicality. Creative staircase designs are featured, from combinations of steps and ladders to spiral staircases, offering stylish and practical access solutions. Industrial chic loft beds, matching the overall style of a space with textures like OSB and exposed brick, illustrate integrated design. The article also provides advice for making loft beds suitable for adults, focusing on sturdy construction, sufficient clearance, and the benefits of staircases over ladders. Finally, the article delves into decorative and functional aspects, such as using contrasting paint colors to define a loft space, decorating with attention to detail, and incorporating plants and lighting for comfort. Specialized designs like loft beds with integrated desk nooks, minimalist glam styles with chandeliers, and multifunctional units that hide home offices or play spaces are presented. Dark and moody color schemes for specific ambiance, standalone loft beds for teens and young adults, and retractable or hidden loft beds for ultimate space-saving in tiny apartments further illustrate the versatility of loft-style bedrooms. Each example serves to inspire and provide practical insights into designing effective and appealing lofted sleeping areas. #LoftBed #SmallSpaceDesign #SpaceSavingSolutions #BedroomIdeas #InteriorDesign #HomeDecor #TinyLiving #MezzanineBedroom #VerticalSpaceOptimization

Loft conversions, while a long-standing method for expanding usable home space, have evolved significantly. To ensure a modern, fresh, and elevated feel for a new loft conversion, designers recommend avoiding several outdated features. These include the use of steel beams, oversized joinery, fixed rooflights, exposed ductwork, and excessive storage. Steel beams, once considered essential for structural support, are increasingly being replaced by timber beams and posts. Timber offers comparable structural integrity at a lower cost and with reduced embodied carbon, making it a more sustainable and economical choice. This allows for a greater allocation of budget towards interior design elements. Ben Ridley from Architecture for London highlights timber's adequacy and environmental benefits, emphasizing that structural support doesn't necessitate high costs. Oversized joinery units that are overtly modern and disregard the existing structure's character can lead to a disjointed and awkward design. Joseph Easthope of SHH Architecture & Interiors points out that these additions often prioritize utility over sensitivity, resulting in imposed rather than integrated spatial solutions. Complex service routes, such as ducting and wiring, threaded through the space without architectural consideration, can compromise floor layouts, creating awkward voids and dead zones. Bulky MDF joinery, intended to conceal ductwork or rooflines, often appears as clumsy afterthoughts, disrupting visual harmony and detracting from the craftsmanship of period homes. Fixed rooflights are another outdated feature. While natural light is desirable, fixed skylights can lead to overheating in lofts. Ben Ridley explains that rooflights need to be openable to allow for the 'stack effect' – hot air rising and escaping – to maintain a cool indoor temperature during summer. Opting for openable windows is crucial for temperature control and avoiding discomfort. Exposed faux-industrial ductwork, a trend from the 2010s, is now considered outdated and excessive. Architect Matthew Coates states that this feature, intended to create an 'urban hip' aesthetic, often appears to be trying too hard and clutters the space. In real factory buildings, ductwork serves a purpose, but its use in conversions for mere appearance and budget reasons is no longer favored. Designers now prefer simple ceilings that emphasize light, structure, or texture, as exposed ductwork clashes with the warmer, softer materials currently dominating interior design. Finally, excessive storage, while tempting in a loft conversion, can lead to a cramped space. A 'less is more' philosophy is recommended, focusing on clean lines, openness, and natural flow. Maximizing natural light through skylights, dormers, or glazed gables can transform a loft into an uplifting retreat. While additional storage solutions are possible, they should not become the sole purpose of the space. Thoughtful planning can evolve lofts into multi-functional sanctuaries, such as yoga studios, home offices, or creative spaces, designed with intention to support daily living. #LoftConversion #InteriorDesign #HomeRenovation #SustainableDesign #ModernLoft #ArchitecturalTrends #SpacePlanning #DesignMistakes

The article details a successful loft conversion project in a narrow Victorian two-bedroom property, which was undertaken to address the growing space needs of a family with two children and a requirement for a guest room. The homeowners engaged Rees Architects, led by Daniel Rees, to expand their living area. The primary challenge was the limited ceiling height of only two meters in the original loft space, which would have been further reduced by the structural framework of the planned dormer. To overcome this, the architects ingeniously lowered the ceilings on the two floors below, creating a balanced and proportionally aligned three-story home rather than a cramped loft. The loft conversion resulted in the addition of two extra bedrooms and a bathroom, significantly increasing the property's functionality. The main bedroom, now located in the loft, features integrated window seat ideas clad in plywood. These window seats offer comfortable seating and garden views, eliminating the need for additional furniture that would otherwise consume valuable floor space. The interior design of the main bedroom is characterized by a muted color palette, fostering a calming atmosphere. Daniel Rees explained that the beams in the master and spare rooms were left exposed but painted the same color as the walls to enhance the sense of space and depth. Built-in wardrobes under the eaves maximize storage, with hidden compartments behind clothes rails. Angled brass skirting creates an optical illusion of greater height, contributing to the crisp aesthetic, while carefully positioned glazing ensures ample natural light. Innovative design solutions were also applied to the hallway doors, which were configured to maximize floor space. When open, these bespoke doors allow access to the master bedroom and ensuite. When closed, they effectively incorporate a section of the hallway into the master bedroom, while providing privacy for the bathroom. Magnets embedded in the door leaves ensure they remain fully open at a 90-degree angle, maintaining a flush finish. A large rooflight with an integrated blackout blind illuminates this flexible hallway area. The walls in certain sections feature a rubber and cork material, which not only provides a contrasting texture against the black design elements but also offers acoustic insulation properties to absorb sound. The new bathroom in the loft showcases modern design with clean, uncluttered fixtures. Wall-hung sanitaryware contributes to a sense of spaciousness. The walls are covered in Marmoleum, a natural and CO2-neutral material that provides a durable, low-maintenance, and seamless finish, avoiding the breaks typically seen with wall tiles. The windows are strategically placed to create an elongated appearance, further enhancing the perception of space. A compact walk-in shower is included, without a glass enclosure, simplifying maintenance, and the floor is also finished with Marmoleum in a pattern reflecting the nearby cork and rubber walls. Matte black shower fittings complete the contemporary look. The guest bedroom is designed as a multifunctional space with movable furniture, allowing for adaptability. Olive green walls and dark floors provide an effective contrast, with the window framing garden views. Despite the deep hues, light-colored furnishings and a bright ceiling maintain an airy feel. Before the renovation, the property had a standard, cramped Victorian layout with only two bedrooms, which was insufficient for the family's needs. The loft conversion transformed this into a more spacious and balanced family home, demonstrating how upward expansion can be a highly effective solution for creating additional living areas. #LoftConversion #HomeRenovation #ArchitecturalDesign #SpaceMaximization #VictorianProperty #InteriorDesign #FamilyHome #BathroomDesign

Loft beds offer an effective solution for maximizing limited square footage in various settings, from children's rooms to small apartments and beach houses. These versatile structures leverage vertical space to enhance sleeping areas, incorporate hidden storage, establish cozy reading nooks, and create functional workspaces. Beyond their practical benefits, loft beds provide an opportunity to infuse a bedroom with distinct character and style. Interior designers offer numerous strategies to optimize both space and aesthetics through thoughtful loft bed designs. One approach to creating an open and airy feel in a room with loft beds involves utilizing a bright white base for millwork and bedding. This creates a clean foundation, which can then be complemented by vibrant wallpaper on the ceiling and coordinating bedding accents to tie the design together, creating a cohesive and serene atmosphere. Built-in storage is a key feature that significantly enhances a loft bed's functionality. Designs can integrate large armoires, deep drawers beneath mattresses, and hidden nooks behind ladders, providing ample storage for various belongings and maintaining an organized space. Innovative configurations, such as Tetris-puzzle-like bunk bed systems, can maximize storage efficiency while preserving a sense of openness. Designers can elevate the aesthetic of a loft bed by incorporating architectural details like picture frame molding. This subtle addition provides a refined touch, helps define distinct zones within the room, and ensures that the upper bunk feels as warm and grounded as the lower one, balancing structure and softness. Ambient lighting plays a crucial role in enhancing the coziness of loft bed spaces. Strategically placed sconces with a gentle, diffused glow can transform the nook into a dreamy and serene retreat, ideal for relaxation. Opting for fixtures with fabric shades can further soften the light and add character. For rooms needing multiple functions, such as a guest room that also serves as a home office, a loft bed with an integrated desk is an excellent space-saving solution. This design allows for a dedicated workspace without occupying additional floor space, with materials like walnut wood adding sophistication to the practical setup. Color choices can dramatically impact the mood and perception of a loft space. Using deep, moody paint colors can visually enclose the area, creating a cozy, cocoon-like feel. Color drenching a small space in a rich shade, contrasting with lighter walls below, defines the loft as a distinct zone and can also have calming effects, promoting better sleep. In small apartments, utilizing full ceiling height with built-in bookshelves topped by a minimalist loft bed maximizes both storage and sleeping areas. This transforms the mezzanine into a modular furniture piece, significantly enhancing a room's functionality. Customizing a loft bedroom with a wall-to-wall headboard, particularly in rustic guest houses, can integrate reclaimed wood finishes throughout the space. Incorporating beds on casters allows for flexibility, easily converting twin setups into a king. Hidden touch-latch storage further maximizes utility without visual clutter. In historical cabins or small spaces where traditional ladders obstruct usability, a telescoping ladder that tucks away into custom cabinetry can significantly improve functionality. This innovation allows for an open floor plan, transforming the lower level into a social area or a quiet reading nook. To seamlessly integrate a loft bed, extending its paint color to surrounding trim creates a cohesive, built-in effect. This strategy enhances visual continuity and highlights the loft bed as a fun, multifunctional feature, offering a playful hideaway or an extra sleeping spot for guests. For maximizing sleeping capacity, twin loft beds placed over queen beds can effectively create multiple sleeping spaces, suitable for both children and adults. This clever use of vertical space makes the room inviting for all occupants. Playful motifs, such as cloud-shaped guard rails, can inspire unique kids' loft bed designs, while integrated storage in steps and cozy reading nooks beneath add both charm and function. Architectural loft bed designs that blend fun and function can feature carved volumes and playful geometry, grounded by deep navy blue paint and accented with vibrant wallpaper and circular aquariums, making them multi-purpose pieces for reading, crawling, and perching. Vibrant paint colors can highlight lofted areas in kids' rooms, creating special, fort-like spaces with built-in bookshelves for additional storage. Maintaining a cohesive color palette with smooth tonal transitions in a loft bedroom contributes to a stronger design and aesthetic. Pairing neutral patterns with saturated colors can create a playful and whimsical atmosphere, particularly in beachfront residences. Finally, creating a layered material palette, such as cladding gable walls and bed platforms with shou sugi ban wood, infuses a loft space with unique character and contrasts effectively with other design elements without compromising feng shui. #LoftBedIdeas #SpaceMaximization #SmallSpaceDesign #BedroomDesign #HomeDecor #InteriorDesignTips #StorageSolutions #KidsRoomDesign #FunctionalFurniture

This lookbook explores ten examples of loft conversions and renovations across New York City, showcasing how designers have ingeniously utilized open spaces through the strategic insertion of partitions, storage solutions, and other architectural elements. Loft apartments, characterized by their expansive open floor plans, soaring ceilings, and large windows, are a quintessential part of New York City's architectural landscape, often found in converted commercial, manufacturing, or warehouse buildings. Their industrial heritage provides a vast, flexible canvas that has been continuously reimagined by creatives. The featured projects demonstrate a variety of approaches to organizing these open interiors, including the removal of existing walls, the addition or reduction of mezzanines, and the integration of glass or wooden storage units, all while often embracing and highlighting the building's original structural components. One featured project, Another Seedbed in Williamsburg by Ignacio G Galán, Jesse McCormick, and Future Projects, transformed a 19th-century cast iron hat factory into a dual-purpose loft apartment that functions as both a residence and an event space. This was achieved by strategically placing plywood and clay-covered volumes to define private areas within the open plan, complemented by movable furniture to facilitate easy conversion for performances. In Dumbo, Crystal Sinclair Designs introduced a library mezzanine and a substantial glass partition to demarcate space within a loft, leveraging the building's 14-foot ceilings for the mezzanine addition and using the glass to enclose the bedroom while maintaining an open feel for the rest of the apartment. No Architecture's 'The Urban Tree House' in West Village saw the combination of two skyscraper units into a double-height apartment, which now features an extensive wooden structure with net beds spanning above the living area, designed to connect the interior with the adjacent Hudson River Greenway. Andrea Leung's renovation of her own Tribeca loft involved a complete gut renovation, including the removal of a mezzanine level. She organized private spaces in a linear fashion, concealing all but the living and dining areas behind a mirrored wall, drawing inspiration from hidden rooms in her grandmother's penthouse. Tala Fustok Studio's Manhattan loft in West Village employs a large glass and maple wood storage unit to separate the kitchen from the living area, with a custom corten steel staircase leading upstairs. The design emphasizes the apartment's tall ceilings and large windows, while limestone-washed walls add a softer touch. Worrell Yeung revitalized a NoMad loft, removing all internal walls to expose the building's original structures and pipes, then inserting bookcase units and cabinetry to redefine the space for a growing family. Light and Air's Frame Loft in the Financial District, originally a cluttered commercial building, was transformed by removing internal partitions to maximize the generous floor area and natural light from large windows. The studio also reduced the footprint of an overhead storage loft to increase ceiling height, integrating light wood shelving, seating, and a desk. In Clinton Hill, Dean Works inserted a Baltic birch plywood volume into a Brooklyn loft, creating additional storage and a private sleeping area further enclosed by a glass partition, positioning the living area near windows, the kitchen centrally, and the bedroom at the entrance. Julian King's Soho Loft, housed in a former silk warehouse, features a sculptural sleeping mezzanine and a built-in bookcase, maintaining an open feel under 13-foot ceilings. The mezzanine, which holds only a bed, is subtly hidden behind a partial wall with integrated LED lighting. Finally, Worrell Yeung's Chelsea Loft renovation focused on preserving continuous public living zones and maximizing daylight by minimizing partitions, concentrating private rooms on one side of the apartment, and updating a large kitchen island. #NewYorkCityLofts #InteriorDesign #OpenSpacePlanning #LoftConversions #ArchitecturalRenovations #CreativeInteriors #ResidentialArchitecture #SpaceUtilization

This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on loft conversions, presenting them as an ideal solution for homeowners seeking to add space without expanding their property's footprint. Loft conversions are particularly beneficial in urban areas or where traditional extensions face planning difficulties, and can significantly increase a home's value, with an additional bedroom and bathroom potentially boosting value by 20% for a typical three-bedroom house. The guide begins by outlining factors determining a loft's suitability for conversion, including available head height, roof pitch, and roof structure type. It distinguishes between 'cut roofs' and 'trussed roofs,' detailing the structural considerations and professional input required for each. The presence of water tanks and chimney stacks is also addressed, noting that while their removal adds to costs and timelines, it does not preclude conversion. Crucially, the article emphasizes the importance of adequate space for a compliant staircase, which must meet specific headroom regulations. The article then explores five primary types of loft conversions common in the UK: Dormer, Mansard, Roof Light, Hip to Gable, and Modular. Dormer conversions are highlighted for their cost-effectiveness and ability to create usable space with flat ceilings, often falling under permitted development. Mansard conversions, described as adding almost an entire new storey, are suitable for period and terraced properties but typically require planning permission due to significant structural changes. Roof Light conversions offer the cheapest option, preserving the existing roof structure with added roof windows, generally not requiring planning permission. Hip to Gable conversions are recommended for bungalows and semi-detached homes, converting a sloped roof end into a vertical wall to maximize internal headroom. Modular loft conversions are introduced as an off-site fabricated solution, offering quick installation and often including full internal fittings. Integrating a bathroom into a loft conversion is discussed, with considerations such as water pressure, waste removal, and floor reinforcement highlighted. The importance of consulting an experienced builder and plumber early in the planning process is stressed. The guide also offers advice on selecting a builder, recommending vetting qualifications, checking references, and obtaining multiple detailed quotes. A significant section is dedicated to planning permission and building regulations. It clarifies that while many loft conversions fall under 'permitted development' in England, specific conditions regarding volume, roof plane, height, and window types must be met. Listed buildings and properties in designated areas always require planning permission. Building regulations, unlike planning permission, are mandatory for all loft conversions, covering aspects like fire safety (egress windows, protected stair enclosures, fire doors, smoke alarms), structural integrity (floor joists, wall construction), soundproofing, staircase design, plumbing, electrical systems (Part P compliance), and thermal insulation. The Party Wall Act 1996 is also mentioned for semi-detached or terraced properties. Finally, the guide addresses the timeline and costs associated with loft conversions. Project duration depends on complexity, builder availability, and material supply. Cost factors include the project's vision, location, planning permission fees, level of DIY involvement, design details, roof characteristics, and potential upgrades to existing heating/electrical systems. Homeowners are advised to obtain detailed quotes and understand what each quote includes to avoid unexpected expenses. #LoftConversions #HomeRenovation #BuildingRegulations #PlanningPermission #HomeImprovement #PropertyValue #RoofStructure #InteriorDesign #ConstructionCosts

Loft apartment style has evolved into a narrative device, symbolizing homes for the design-forward, from trendy hipsters to influential figures. While aspirational, these spaces present unique challenges due to their unusual proportions. Tyson Ness, a New York-based interior designer, notes that lofts, originally not designed for living, often feature desirable tall ceilings, massive windows, and industrial details, but can suffer from dark interiors with limited natural light at one end. Despite these hurdles, lofts offer immense potential, often allowing for open layouts due to fewer interior walls, which can be transformed into comfortable homes with clever planning. To maximize these challenging spaces, designers propose several strategies. High ceilings, a hallmark of lofts, can be leveraged to accentuate architectural features like exposed columns or new sculptural staircases, enhanced by strategic lighting. The possibility of adding a mezzanine or a loft bed can utilize vertical space, but this should not compromise the overall openness. Maintaining an open-plan design is crucial to preserve the original volume. When furnishing, it is important to select pieces that do not get lost in the vastness, such as large paintings and pendant lights, and to carefully consider how color choices will impact such a grand scale. Industrial features, whether embraced or concealed, require thoughtful integration. Tyson Ness suggests inventorying existing elements like exposed brick, beams, and industrial lighting, and balancing them with furnishings. This balance could involve pairing rustic beams with a glossy kitchen island or a streamlined apartment kitchen idea, or contrasting an exposed brick wall with a plush sofa. Alternatively, these features can be hidden, creating a blank canvas for a more creative interior scheme, as demonstrated by Jessica Schuster Design, which preserves light and openness without relying on industrial aesthetics. Thoughtful alterations, such as painting exposed brick or pipework, can unify industrial elements with a luxurious design, as seen in Dane Austin Design's grey living room scheme, or cover imperfections. Creating cozy and intimate areas within an open-plan loft is essential for human scale. Nathan Cuttle of Studio Nato recommends using rugs, sectionals, and freestanding shelves to delineate spaces and add privacy. Rethinking traditional furniture arrangements and creating groups of furniture helps demarcate zones and ensures flow, preventing the creation of isolated 'islands.' The cohesiveness of materials and colors is paramount in open-plan lofts, as everything is visible at once. Kimberly Peck emphasizes a consistent palette to link separate areas, using dominant elements subtly across the space. Playing with scale, as suggested by Michael K Chen, involves introducing a slightly oversized piece of furniture to create hierarchy, allowing smaller elements to coexist without being overwhelmed. Room dividers offer flexible solutions for zoning without permanent walls. Transparent materials or large sliding pocket doors can maintain an open feel while providing privacy. Freestanding wardrobes can create temporary bedroom areas. Large windows, while providing ample light, require careful consideration for window treatments. Ahmad AbouZanat of PROJECT AZ advises simple ripple fold drapes or roller shades that match wall colors, with textured fabrics for visual interest. Finally, furniture placement should avoid pushing all pieces to the edges, or centering everything, to prevent large voids or ungrounded interiors. Striking a balance, such as anchoring a sitting area with a credenza, is key to creating a well-proportioned and functional space. A loft is typically defined as a former industrial or manufacturing structure converted into residential space, characterized by potential challenges like less appealing kitchen/bathroom locations and limited window placement, often resulting in darker interior sections or reliance on artificial lighting for internal rooms. #LoftApartmentStyle #InteriorDesign #IndustrialFeatures #SpacePlanning #HighCeilings #OpenPlanLiving #FurnitureLayout #WindowTreatments #CozyInteriors #ArchitecturalFeatures

Andrew and Beth, a London couple with a young child and another on the way, faced the challenge of needing more space in their two-story, two-bedroom home in Stoke Newington. Unable to find an affordable three-bedroom property in their desired neighborhood, they sought the expertise of Bradley Van Der Straeten Architecture to expand their current residence. However, their plans for a single-story loft extension were repeatedly rejected due to local planning restrictions that prevented any new structure from projecting above the existing roofline. Architect George Bradley devised an innovative solution, approaching the design as an interlocking jigsaw puzzle. The firm proposed a half-height roof extension and a reconfigured interior layout to interlock two floors within the space typically occupied by one and a half floors. This creative use of vertical volume allowed for the addition of an extra bedroom without exceeding the height limitations. The key to this design was allowing the ceiling of the first-floor bedroom to extend upwards, forming a raised platform for the bed in the new loft bedroom directly above it. This ingenious arrangement ensured sufficient head height for both rooms despite the constrained vertical space. To ensure the interior did not feel small or cramped, every millimeter of head height was meticulously considered. For instance, the roof incorporated 30-millimeter vacuum insulation panels, which not only saved crucial space but also significantly improved the home's energy efficiency, addressing previous issues of poor insulation. The design also emphasized communal circulation spaces, with a double-height stairwell that brings ample natural light into the core of the house, contributing to an overall sense of openness. This was a deliberate choice to prioritize spaciousness over cramming in more bedrooms, which the clients highly appreciated. Throughout the renovation, high-quality, FSC 18-millimeter birch plywood boards were extensively used. This material choice served to unify the new and old sections of the house and created a cohesive, expansive feel. The plywood cladding also cleverly concealed numerous storage spaces, making practical use of areas with restricted head height. The clients expressed their delight with the warmth and texture the plywood brought to their home, describing the renovation as an 'installation' that invites exploration. The interlocking levels also facilitated the creation of dedicated storage areas in spaces that would otherwise be unusable due to low ceilings, such as the area beneath the loft bedroom, which now functions as wardrobe space. Bradley described the design process as solving a puzzle, noting the satisfaction of achieving adequate ceiling height for two stacked rooms in less than the usual required height, all while maintaining a spacious feel. The success of the project is attributed to careful planning, a consistent material palette, strategically placed roof windows, and a smart volumetric layout, where every design element is interconnected. The clients affirmed that the home is now an easy and comfortable family living space, with every corner thoughtfully designed to enhance daily life, even allowing them to observe their eldest son playing in his new room through a hallway window. #HomeRenovation #LoftConversion #SpaceSavingDesign #LondonArchitecture #PlywoodInteriors #CreativeSolutions #UrbanLiving #FamilyHome

This article highlights the significant contributions of Joseph Pell Lombardi, a Financial District resident and architect, to urban development through his pioneering work in converting commercial buildings into residential spaces. Lombardi's efforts are credited with initiating the loft movement in downtown New York, profoundly shaping the residential landscape of the city, particularly in areas like Tribeca and the Financial District. His most notable early achievement was the conversion of Liberty Tower at Liberty and Nassau streets into residential co-op apartments in 1978. This project, undertaken almost five decades ago, marked the first major residential conversion of an office building in the Financial District and was initially met with bafflement from the real estate industry. The article emphasizes that Lombardi's vision, though initially considered radical, has since become a widely accepted and imitated practice in urban planning and architecture. Kent Barwick, former chairman of the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, is quoted as stating that Lombardi's work was groundbreaking and changed how cities perceive the utility of old buildings. Lombardi's interest in preservation, which was initially unpopular among his architectural peers, is now considered a leading approach. The impact of Lombardi's work extends to numerous buildings across New York City. The article lists several of his preserved or converted projects in the neighborhood, including 161 Duane (Mohawk), 27 N. Moore (Ice House), 25 N. Moore (Atalanta), 14 Leonard (Juilliard), 79 Laight (Sugar Warehouse), 145 Hudson (Skylofts), 7 Hubert, the National City Bank Building on Canal and Broadway, and the Haughwout Building in Soho. His firm, Joseph Pell Lombardi & Associates, maintains offices on Broadway and Canal, and Lombardi himself continues to reside in an apartment in Liberty Tower. The article also touches upon the broader context of these conversions, particularly the economic climate of the 1970s. Comments from readers suggest that the fiscal crisis of 1975 likely led to a glut of vacant office spaces, creating an opportune environment for such adaptive reuse projects. Another comment elaborates on the historical trends leading to adaptive reuse, including the Great Depression, suburban flight, and urban renewal efforts that threatened historic buildings. This created a demand for new housing solutions in areas with declining commercial and industrial use. The opposition from city departments and the subsequent Loft Law of the 1980s are mentioned as crucial elements in legalizing and facilitating these conversions, addressing restrictive building codes and zoning resolutions. Ultimately, Lombardi's enduring legacy lies in his foresight and dedication to preserving architectural heritage while simultaneously innovating urban living. His work demonstrates that even modern office buildings, with appropriate modifications such as dropping shafts for courtyards and light, can be successfully repurposed for residential use. His pioneering efforts laid the groundwork for today's widespread practice of commercial-to-residential conversions and the establishment of preservation departments within architectural firms. #JosephPellLombardi #Architecture #LoftMovement #UrbanDevelopment #BuildingConversion #HistoricPreservation #FinancialDistrict #Tribeca #NewYorkCityRealEstate

This article explores the enduring appeal of loft living, showcasing 12 distinct examples of modern lofts from the Dwell Magazine archives. Lofts are characterized by their industrial flavor, open floor plans, and their ability to blend work and home life seamlessly, appealing to a creative, city-dwelling demographic. The featured lofts demonstrate a wide range of transformations, from historical factory buildings and warehouses to more compact, unconventional spaces, each maintaining a distinctive industrial aesthetic while serving as modern residences or live/work environments. The article begins by highlighting a 17th-century manufacturing plant in Paris, reimagined as author and French designer Daniel Rozensztroch's industrial loft. This space retains its historical character with vintage iron cabinets and industrial-inspired lighting. Next, a Barcelona warehouse is presented as a live/work space for an architect and artist, featuring a courtyard that provides a transition between living and working areas. A compact three-story brick boiler room in San Francisco is shown to have been ingeniously transformed into a loft-like guesthouse, maximizing vertical space within a small footprint. Further examples include a renovated apartment in an 1864 factory building in Tribeca, New York, where partitions were removed and ceilings raised to create a spacious feel. A modern live/work space in Chicago, constructed from concrete panels, pays homage to its industrial neighborhood's history. Copenhagen features a converted loft in a former Viking pencil factory, adapted for a modern family. In Jersey City, a 19th-century Wells Fargo horse-and-carriage facility became a flexible art studio and residence for a pair of artists. The article also features an industrial loft in Italy, a 200-year-old factory transformed into an inviting home by designer Paola Navone. In Brooklyn, the founders of Calico Wallpaper reside in a rental flat that was once a 19th-century warehouse, preserving exposed structural beams. A cinder-block duplex in Charleston, Virginia, was creatively challenged and transformed into an elegant, gallery-like New York-style loft. An auto repair garage in San Francisco's South of Market neighborhood became an artist's loft, serving as a perfect live/work retreat with space for an art gallery, studio, and office. Finally, a former Portland, Oregon, warehouse and auto repair shop was renovated into a versatile live/work space. These diverse projects collectively illustrate the versatility and appeal of industrial-style loft conversions, demonstrating how historical structures can be adapted into functional and aesthetically pleasing modern homes. #LoftLiving #IndustrialDesign #LiveWorkSpaces #UrbanHomes #AdaptiveReuse #ModernLofts #InteriorDesign #ArchitecturalRenovation #WarehouseConversion

This article presents a curated selection of the top five loft designs from 2021, showcasing innovative architectural and interior design approaches. These examples highlight diverse styles and functionalities, offering inspiration for those planning new builds or renovations in 2022. Each loft design is detailed with its unique characteristics, location, and key designers or visualizers, providing a comprehensive overview of contemporary loft living trends. The first design, the "Warehouse Loft," is a dark-themed, double-brick open-face build located in Vienna, Austria. It exemplifies the successful reuse of abandoned warehouses, creating a New York-style apartment with angling windows for natural light and a versatile open-plan kitchen, dining, and living area. The upper level is dedicated to relaxation, featuring furniture and lighting that complement the urban aesthetic, notably incorporating a Propeller Wall Clock to define its modern character. The "City Loft" offers a gritty, urban take on city living, featuring two levels with floor-to-ceiling windows that maximize natural light. This design, conceptualized by @0210hrarquitectos and visualized by @gero_bts_cg, balances neutral colors with dark wooden floorboards and industrial lighting, catering to busy professionals with refined taste. The clever use of space below the loft and a simple two-piece double sofa, modern kitchen, and a window wall for the master bedroom upstairs are key elements. The "Forest Loft," designed by Sarah Habib of Saudi Arabia, presents an eccentric interior that blends modern, industrial, and minimalistic features. Situated within a forest, the design emphasizes natural elements through large windows that integrate the outdoors with the indoor space, fostering a calm and sophisticated ambiance. The living areas are warm and homely, contrasting with the kitchen and bedroom's industrial influence, which includes rusted black metal, golden metal sheets, and uneven flooring tiles, creating a dynamic environment. The "Suburb Loft," located in Victoria, Australia, combines suburban heritage with modern loft design. It features red open-face bricks, raked ceilings, and spacious double windows that allow ample natural light. The interior is furnished with unique pieces like a timber slab dining table and an urban rug, alongside personal touches such as a classic Gibson electric guitar and a glass whiskey decanter. The inclusion of greenery and its proximity to amenities make it suitable for comfortable living and working, particularly relevant for remote work scenarios. Finally, the "Mountain Loft" is characterized by its industrial build and striking simplicity, despite its name suggesting a mountainous scale rather than location. Designed by Samiha Abaza, this bold loft features a gym bench and workout ladder, catering to sportsmen or corporate athletes seeking a retreat. The concrete walls and minimalist design aim to create a private haven that balances physical activity with mental tranquility amidst a serene environment. #LoftDesign #InteriorDesign #Architecture #UrbanLiving #WarehouseConversion #ModernHomes #Lifestyle #HomeDesignTrends #ResidentialArchitecture

Loft beds, often associated with children's rooms or student accommodations, are presented as a versatile and sophisticated solution for maximizing space in various home settings, particularly those with limited floor plans and high ceilings. This article explores ten distinct loft bed designs, demonstrating their potential to be stylish and functional additions to modern interiors. The primary advantage of a loft bed lies in its ability to elevate the sleeping area, thereby freeing up valuable floor space underneath for other uses, such as storage, a workspace, or an additional living area. One design approach emphasizes dual functionality, where access to the loft bed serves another purpose. An example provided is a lofted bedroom where the stairs double as bookcases, seamlessly integrating storage and access within a minimalist aesthetic. This design is particularly effective in spaces with double-height ceilings, where the lofted area can borrow light from the wider room, enhancing the sense of spaciousness while maintaining a degree of privacy from the living areas below. Another method involves creating a mezzanine level to accommodate an extra sleeping space, such as a guest bedroom, within a one-bedroom loft. This design prioritizes maximizing vertical height, often utilizing slim steel joists to reduce floor thickness and exposing them to create an illusion of greater height. Dark color palettes are sometimes employed to make ceiling constraints recede. Access in such constrained spaces often involves removable ladders to conserve floor area. Loft beds can also be ingeniously incorporated into pitched roofs, which, while aesthetically pleasing, can present challenges for traditional bedroom setups due to varying headroom. A loft bed under a pitched roof can feel surprisingly spacious, particularly when combined with features like slatted room dividers for separation and rooflights that offer views and natural light, making small spaces feel open and connected to the outdoors. For rooms without inherent pitched ceilings, renovations can be undertaken to expose the roof structure, creating the necessary vertical space for a loft bed, desk, and storage. This approach can significantly enhance the perception of space and natural light. Access to loft beds also offers opportunities for creative design, with stairs being a prime example. Decorative storage stairs, with varying step sizes for visual interest while maintaining usability, can be a feature in themselves, particularly in children's rooms. Local building codes are a consideration for stair design, but alternative access like staggered stairs or ladders are often permissible for loft beds. Built-in joinery provides highly customized solutions, turning small rooms into multi-functional spaces. An example highlights a bunk-style loft bed with retractable lower steps that transform into a children's desk, and an upholstered seat that can be repositioned. This versatile design maximizes every inch for play, relaxation, and storage. Safety is paramount, and guard rail design is a critical aspect. Options range from all-glass partitions that maximize light but offer less privacy, to solid barriers that provide full privacy but can make the space feel enclosed. A semi-transparent screen, for instance, can offer a dynamic balance of privacy and openness depending on the viewing angle. Loft beds can also be designed as enclosed pods with sliding doors, providing privacy and light control, akin to opening curtains in a traditional bedroom. This approach is beneficial in studio apartments, creating a distinct sleeping zone. When space is severely limited, an access ladder can replace stairs, significantly reducing the footprint. This can also create a more secluded, 'treehouse-like' retreat. Finally, a low-rise platform bed, while not a true 'loft' bed in the sense of being overhead, still leverages elevation to integrate substantial storage underneath, providing a clean, uncluttered look and an airy feel to the bedroom space. Ultimately, the suitability of a loft bed depends on ceiling height, accessibility requirements, and the desired level of privacy, making them ideal for small and studio apartments where privacy concerns are less critical among single occupants. #LoftBedIdeas #SpaceSavingSolutions #ModernInteriorDesign #SmallSpaceLiving #BedroomDesign #ArchitecturalInterventions #HomeRenovations #CustomJoinery #PlatformSleeping

The article details the transformation of an unused attic space into a spacious and serene bedroom with an en-suite bathroom in an Edwardian top-floor flat in Wanstead, East London. Lily Bell, a public relations professional, and her partner Henry undertook this renovation to maximize space, particularly after Lily moved into Henry's flat during lockdown and they experienced significant space constraints, including Lily's wardrobe being stored on the landing for nine months. Henry had always intended to convert the loft, and the lockdown provided the impetus to proceed with the project. Lily, drawing inspiration from her work in interior PR, aimed for a timeless, boutique hotel aesthetic with calming, warm tones. Her partner Henry preferred a minimalist design with ample storage. The goal was to ensure a harmonious flow between the new, modern extension and the existing period character of the flat, while also creating a relaxed sanctuary for Lily, who works from home. To achieve their vision, Lily meticulously planned the design using mood boards and researching various shops, websites, magazines, and Pinterest. A rattan bed was chosen as the central piece, around which built-in wardrobes were designed to maintain an uncluttered look. Bedside tables were selected to complement the bed, and a deep russet ottoman was added to introduce a pop of color, discovered on Instagram. Considering the room's elongated shape, Lily divided it into distinct zones: a dedicated sleep area for winding down and a living area featuring an oversized armchair. An existing mid-century dresser was upcycled to prevent the overall design from appearing too modern or overly coordinated. For finishing touches, Lily incorporated vintage pieces and books collected over the years onto open shelves. She also sourced quality yet affordable hardware from Plank Hardware to enhance the wardrobes and collaborated with brands like Arley House, JYSK, and Sass & Belle for accessories. Lily highlights several favorite aspects of the new bedroom, including the bifold windows that offer beautiful views and allow abundant natural light to flood the space. She appreciates the distinct bed area for relaxation and the living space as a comfortable spot for reading. The addition of a dressing area is also noted as a practical improvement, enabling the couple to get ready without congestion. The total cost of the renovation amounted to £43,300, with £40,000 allocated to building costs, including paint, flooring, and wardrobes; £2,000 for furniture; £300 for lighting; and £1,000 for accessories such as the rug and brassware. #LoftConversion #BedroomMakeover #HomeRenovation #InteriorDesign #SpaceMaximization #EdwardianFlat #BuiltInStorage #VintageDecor #MinimalistDesign

This article details the challenges and solutions for decorating open-plan living spaces, particularly focusing on a loft apartment in the Bridge Square Lofts in Rochester's Cascade District. Alyssa Shumway, a 25-year-old resident who moved from the suburbs to embrace city life and loft living, shares her experience and decorating choices. She aimed to create a warm and inviting atmosphere in her open-concept unit, despite the inherent starkness often associated with lofts due to high ceilings and large windows. Shumway opted for a transitional style, blending contemporary aesthetics with personal touches like candles and framed photos, rather than a strictly contemporary look. The article also features expert advice from interior designer Janis Reed, offering practical tips for furnishing and decorating open floor plans, which are becoming increasingly common in both new constructions and renovated suburban homes. Reed emphasizes the importance of considering the scale of the space, suggesting that large art pieces might be more suitable for rooms with high ceilings. For defining different living areas within an open plan, Reed recommends using area rugs and substantial furniture such as armoires or large sofas. She explains that rugs should be sufficiently sized to encompass the entire furniture grouping to clearly delineate a specific zone. Storage is often a concern in loft living, and Reed advises selecting multi-functional furniture, like ottomans with built-in storage or platform beds with drawers, to maximize space efficiency. To introduce coziness into expansive, open areas, Reed suggests incorporating warm colors, varied textures, and natural materials. Fluffy pillows and wall hangings can also contribute to a more inviting ambiance. She highlights the importance of layered lighting from multiple sources, such as floor lamps and suspended ceiling lights, to enhance warmth and depth. Shumway’s approach includes mixing vintage finds from thrift shops with new purchases, resulting in a rustic living room and a bedroom accented with ethnic-inspired pops of color. As a renter, she employs peel-off wall decals for decoration, such as an inspirational quote in her living room. Finally, Reed addresses the issue of clutter management in open spaces, advising residents to carefully curate their belongings and display only a few cherished items to maintain a clean and uncluttered look. Shumway echoes this sentiment, stressing the need for careful editing of possessions, especially given the compact size of her unit, to avoid an overwhelming appearance. #LoftDecorating #OpenFloorPlan #InteriorDesign #HomeDecorating #SpacePlanning #TransitionalStyle #SmallSpaceSolutions