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San Francisco bungalow transformed into spacious architectural home
Spiegel Aihara Workshop (SAW), a San Francisco-based architecture studio, has successfully converted a century-old bungalow into a contemporary urban family residence named The Fourth Wall. The project aimed not only to expand the living space but also to create a more deliberate connection between the interior and the garden. This was achieved through the construction of a new rear extension and façade, which replaced an existing, smaller exterior building.
The original 1907 home in Bernal Heights featured dark, cramped, and inward-looking rooms. SAW’s intervention has transformed these spaces into bright, open interiors that are oriented towards a newly designed green garden. The new extension spans all three levels of the house, introducing a structured, contemporary, and geometric aesthetic to the rear façade. This architectural change enhances both the visual appeal and the functionality of the home.
The layout of The Fourth Wall is thoughtfully planned across its three levels. The two lower floors are primarily dedicated to communal living and entertaining areas, designed to accommodate both the family and their guests. The uppermost floor is reserved for private bedrooms, with the master suite offering views of the garden below. The rear façade, when viewed from the garden, presents as a series of stacked windows, terraces, and openings, emphasizing the abundant natural light and the strong visual links that now characterize the redesigned home. An internal staircase was also integrated to seamlessly connect all interior levels, improving circulation and spatial flow.
SAW’s design philosophy extended to the outdoor spaces, particularly the backyard. The exterior cladding of the house appears to invert, with the same slatted pattern wrapping around the fences, effectively framing the backyard as an outdoor room. This fence also serves a unique function as a screen for scenic projections, adding an element of entertainment to the outdoor space. The architects also undertook regrading of the backyard to improve drainage and installed raised Corten perimeter planter beds, which provide both screening and an area for an edible garden. This comprehensive approach reorients the backyard, creating a secluded space from which residents can observe the activities within the home.
The Fourth Wall project exemplifies SAW’s expertise in enhancing existing urban structures through intelligent design. Partners Dan Spiegel and Megumi Aihara have demonstrated their skill in adding significant design value to the urban fabric, a capability also evident in their previous works, such as the Wraparound House. The transformation of this tired San Francisco bungalow into a spacious and architecturally significant home showcases a clever blend of innovation and respect for the original structure, resulting in a residence that is both modern and deeply integrated with its surroundings.
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