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Gardens bookend Yo Ju Courtyard House in Washington by Wittman Estes
The Yo Ju Courtyard House, designed by Seattle-based architecture studio Wittman Estes, is situated on a bustling street in the Clyde Hill neighborhood of metropolitan Seattle, Washington. The design draws inspiration from ancient Chinese landscape paintings and garden design principles, with its name "Yo Ju" translating to "secluded living" in Mandarin Chinese, reflecting the core intent of the project. The house is strategically positioned to create a private sanctuary despite its urban setting, utilizing two distinct courtyards to achieve this. One courtyard is positioned at the front of the property, acting as a visual and auditory buffer from street activity and passersby. The second courtyard is located at the rear, providing a private and secure outdoor space for the client's three children to play.
The exterior of the house features walls clad in blackened cedar, complemented by a stained-black cedar fence that runs along the front of the property, further enhancing privacy from the street. The front garden is meticulously designed with grasses and a Japanese Maple tree, integrated with a concrete path. In contrast, the rear of the house incorporates glass walls, designed to create a sense of openness and connection to the back courtyard, which is also planted with a tree, and the broader back garden area. Despite the property's expansive 10,125-square-foot (941-square-meter) site, the actual footprint of the house occupies less than a third of the land, demonstrating an efficient use of space that prioritizes outdoor areas.
Wittman Estes aimed to create an illusion of greater spaciousness within the compact interiors by carefully orchestrating views through the house. This design approach is rooted in the concept of the "three distances" found in Chinese landscape paintings, which include high, deep, and level distances. In the Yo Ju Courtyard House, this idea is translated into spatial layers, particularly in the view extending from behind the staircase through the living room to the garden. Matt Wittman, co-founder of the studio, elaborates that these layers provide visual and spatial depth, moving from the busy arterial road inward to the private courtyard at the back of the house. From the kitchen, living, and dining areas, successive layers of trees, planting, and casework contribute to this illusion, making the space appear deeper and more expansive than its physical dimensions.
The functional layout of the house also adheres to a concept from ancient Chinese garden design known as "Big Hide," which separates communal and private zones. The communal areas, including the ground-floor dining room, living room, kitchen, and a children's play area, are designed to wrap around the rear garden and central staircase, fostering a sense of community and openness. The transition between indoor and outdoor communal spaces is seamless, with cast-in-place concrete pads on the patio meeting exposed concrete flooring in the kitchen and dining room. The interior material palette is muted, featuring cabinetry by Henrybuilt, oak stairs, and pale walls, contributing to a calm and cohesive aesthetic.
The private zones of the house are situated at the front on two levels. On the ground floor, this includes a garage, a guest bedroom with an en-suite bathroom, and a gym. Upstairs, the private wing continues with the parents' bedroom, children's bedrooms, and another guest bedroom. A notable feature on the first floor is an art studio where the owner teaches crafts to children, equipped with built-in oak cabinets for storage and a large steel wall for displaying artwork. Wittman Estes, founded in 2012 by Matt Wittman and landscape designer Jody Estes, has a history of projects that integrate nature and culture, including a Chinese-inspired courtyard for a 1940s residence and various homes in Washington that maximize natural surroundings and urban lots.
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