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The Dangers of Home Renovation or Remodel: Keep Kids Safe During Repairs
Home renovations and remodels, while exciting, can unveil hidden hazards in older homes that pose significant risks to children and pregnant individuals. Dr. Sheela Sathyanarayana, a pediatric environmental health specialist at Seattle Children’s Research Institute, emphasizes the importance of taking precautions during these projects, particularly in homes built before certain environmental regulations were in place. The potential dangers range from environmental contaminants like mold and radon to toxic substances such as lead and asbestos, and even mercury from broken compact fluorescent bulbs.
In the Pacific Northwest, mold is a common issue uncovered during renovations, especially due to the region's moisture. Mold can cause respiratory irritation, eye irritation, and wheezing, particularly in children with allergies or asthma. It is crucial to clean up mold thoroughly and, more importantly, to control the source of moisture to prevent its recurrence. Homeowners can use air humidity detection meters to monitor moisture levels. Another less visible threat is radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can seep into homes and significantly increase the risk of lung cancer. Radon is particularly prevalent in areas like Idaho and Eastern Washington. Homeowners in these regions are advised to check radon hotspots and utilize testing kits to detect its presence.
Older homes, specifically those constructed before 1978, commonly contain lead-based paint. Lead exposure can have severe and lasting developmental impacts on children, affecting nearly every bodily system, especially the developing brain and nervous system. During renovations, lead dust and paint chips become airborne, posing a significant hazard. Therefore, pregnant individuals and children must be kept away from renovation areas where lead might be disturbed. If hiring contractors, it is imperative to ensure they comply with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines for lead-safe practices. For DIY projects, thorough research on safe lead handling is essential. Additionally, lead can contaminate soil, and testing garden soil before planting vegetables is recommended, as certain plants readily absorb heavy metals.
Asbestos is another hazardous material found in older homes, often in siding, 'popcorn' ceilings, and old vinyl flooring. When disturbed, asbestos fibers can disperse into the air and become lodged deep within the lungs, leading to severe lung diseases and cancer. The safest approach to asbestos is often to leave it undisturbed. If removal is necessary, it must be performed by experts trained in asbestos abatement, utilizing specialized respirators and techniques to prevent fiber dispersal. Furthermore, broken compact fluorescent bulbs (CFLs) contain mercury, which can be inhaled and pose risks to unborn babies and children. The EPA provides specific instructions for cleaning up broken CFLs, and pregnant individuals are advised to delegate this task.
To ensure safety during home renovations, several practical steps can be taken. Awareness of neighborhood construction is important, as dust and debris from nearby sites can be tracked into the home; removing shoes at the front door can help minimize this. Pregnant individuals should be particularly cautious, avoiding dusty renovation activities and opting for low volatile organic compound (VOC) paints with good ventilation if painting. Sealing off renovation areas completely with plastic barriers can prevent dust and harmful materials from spreading to other parts of the home where children or pregnant individuals might be. Finally, thorough cleaning and ventilation after renovations are crucial to eliminate residual dust and fumes, ensuring a safe indoor environment, especially for infants and toddlers who spend a lot of time on the floor.
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