
Ask the Builder: Deluxe remodeled shower with abysmal water flow
The article addresses a common and frustrating issue encountered in home remodeling projects, specifically concerning deluxe shower installations with insufficient water flow. The problem arises when homeowners invest in high-end shower systems featuring multiple components like rain shower heads, body sprays, and hand showers, only to find the water pressure and volume to be inadequate for their proper function. This often leads to significant dissatisfaction, particularly after substantial financial investment in materials and labor.
The core of the problem, as highlighted in the article, often stems from poor planning, vague specifications, and a misplaced trust in contractors and plumbers who may not conduct necessary preliminary calculations. A particular case is detailed where a homeowner, after a luxurious master shower remodel featuring marble walls, discovered that while a single shower head provided decent flow, activating other accessories simultaneously caused a dramatic drop in pressure and volume. This issue was identified only after the entire installation was complete, leading to immediate complaints to the remodeling contractor.
The initial response from the contractor and plumber was to attribute the problem to low house water pressure, suggesting a booster pump as a solution. However, the article, drawing on the expertise of a master plumber with over four decades of experience, argues that this diagnosis often overlooks critical underlying plumbing issues. The author emphasizes the professional obligation of plumbers to perform pressure and flow tests before commencing work, especially when installing fixtures known to have high water demands. Such tests would reveal whether existing plumbing conditions can adequately support the new fixtures, preventing costly and frustrating post-installation problems.
In the discussed case, the homeowner's photos revealed that the plumber had installed ½-inch PEX water lines with flow-restricting 90-degree fittings to supply the new shower accessories. This was a critical error, especially considering that the original tub and shower, plumbed with ½-inch copper tubing, had functioned perfectly with ample water pressure (verified at 70 PSI). The article explains that ½-inch PEX has a slightly smaller inner diameter than ½-inch copper, exacerbating the problem of reduced flow.
The author stresses that these issues could be entirely avoided with proper planning and simple calculations. Plumbers should consult the Uniform Plumbing Code, which provides tables for load values (Water Supply Fixture Units or WSFU) for various fixtures. One WSFU is equivalent to 1 gallon of water per minute. For instance, a standard residential bathroom before the remodel might have a combined WSFU of 3.6 for both hot and cold water. A normal shower head alone has 1.4 WSFU.
However, the new deluxe shower with all five of its components (rain shower head, three body sprays, and a hand shower) could demand up to 11 gallons per minute, nearly ten times the flow of a single standard shower head. This significant increase in demand necessitates larger diameter supply lines, potentially 1-inch hot and cold lines, especially for bathrooms on upper floors. A diligent plumber would also calculate pressure loss due to factors like height above the water meter, pressure loss through the meter, backflow preventers, and other regulators.
To prevent similar problems, the article advises homeowners to include a clause in their contracts with builders or remodeling contractors, explicitly requiring the plumber to produce all pipe-sizing calculations. Furthermore, it is recommended to test the new shower system before expensive finishes like marble or tile are installed. This can be done by temporarily covering the walls with plastic sheeting and taping it to the drain, allowing for a functional test of the water flow and pressure before committing to permanent and costly installations. This proactive approach ensures that the deluxe shower delivers the expected performance, avoiding disappointment and the significant expense of rework.
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